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인심이 (Memory (2) Effortful Processing Strategies (Mnemonics (images, maps,…

- - - - Sensory memory
      - Short-Term Memory(Working Memory)
      - Long-Term Memory
        
        Explicit(concious)
        
        Semantic
        
        Episodic
        
        processing
        
        Encode : facilitated by the hippocampus
        
        Retrieval : frontal lobes
        
        Infantile Amnesia
        
        Implicit(unconscious)
        
        Procedural
        
        processing
        
        The cerebellum
  - - - images, maps, and peg-words
  - - - =Mood-congruent memory
  - - - Tip-of-the-tongue
    - - proactive
      - retroactive
        
        get some good sleep!
    - - Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve
    - - imagination effect
      - constructed memories
  - - - peg-words
      - story
      - chunk(acronyms)
    - - test your own knowledge
      - rehearse and know what you don't know
- - - - mood, hunger, sleep, arousal
    - - motor movement and alertness
        learning, attention, emotion
    - - motor movement and memory
        muscle action, learning, memory
    - - controls alertness and arousal
    - - inhibitory neurotransmitter(억제성 전달물질)
        
        부족하면 발작
    - - excitatory neurotransmitter(흥분성 신경전달물질)
  - - - fight or flight
    - - rest & digest
  - - - Lobes(엽)
        
        parietal lobe(두정엽)
        
        sensory cortex
        
        occipital lobe(후두엽)
        
        visual
        
        temproal lobe(측두엽)
        
        auditory
        
        frontal lobe(전두엽)
        
        plans & judgements
      - The Motor and Sensory Strips
        
        input - sensor
        
        output- motor
    - - Hypothalamus(시상하부)
        
        체온조절 / 섭식조절 / 정동행동의 발현
    - - The Hippocampus(해마)
        
        의식적, 일화기억 처리, 감정이 섞인 기억을 편도체와 함께 다룸
      - The Amygdala(편도체)
        
        감정, 특히 걱정/투쟁 반응을 다룸
    - - does not repair damaged neurons
      - but can restore some functions (neurogenesis)
- - - - UCR
    - - CR
  - - - Skinner Box
    - - Positive
      - Negative
      - Primary
        
        stimulus that meets a baisc need / intrinstically desirable
        
        food
      - Secondary/Conditioned
        
        stimulus associated with a primary reinforcer
        
        money
      - Interval/Ratio
        
        Fixed Ratio
        
        Variable Ratio
        
        Fixed Interval
        
        Variable Interval
    - - Positive
      - Negative
      - works best in natural settings (like reaching into a fire)
  - - - Albert Bandura's Bobo dolls
- - - - Jean Piaget
        
        Sesorimotor
        
        Preoperational
        
        Concrete Operational
        
        Formal Operational
        
        Lev Vygotsky
        
        Scaffold
    - - Attachment
        
        Insecure(anxious)
        
        secure
        
        Insecure(avoidant)
      - Daycare
      - Self-concept
      - Parenting Styles
        
        Authoritarian
        
        Permissive
        
        Authoritative
      - Basic Trust
        
        Erik Erikson
        
        established by early caregivers
  - - - Reasoning Power
      - Moral intuition, Reasoninig, Action
    - - Forming an Identity
        
        Erik Erikson
        
        trying out diffrent selves
        
        prevent role confusion
      - Parent&Peer Relationships
    - - Lawrence Kohlberg
        
        Preconventional Morality(~9 yrs)
        
        Conventional Morality(early adole)
        
        Post-conventional Morality(later adole)
  - - - Love & Work
      - Well-being across the lifespan
      - Dying & Death
- - - - Naturalistic Observation
      - Surveys and Interviews
        
        Be careful about the wording of questions
        
        Wording Effects:
        the results you get from a survey can be changed by your word selection
        
        Only question randomly sampled people
        
        Random
      - Case Study
        
        Phineas Gage
        
        danger : Overgeneralization from one example
        
        benefit : source of ideas about human nature in general
    - - Independent Variable(원인)
        
        (factor that is manipulated)
      - Dependant Variable(결과)
        
        (factor that is measured)
      - Experimental Group
      - Control Group
      - confounding variables(effect on the dependent variable)
    - - Scientific Definition:
        a measure of how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other
        
        predicition
        
        correlation = causation :red_cross:
      - Correlation Coefficient(상관계수)
        
        Positive
        
        Negative
        
        Zero Correlation
  - - - Hindsight
      - Overconfidence
      - Perceiving order in random events
    - - more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply just using intuition (+scientific method!)
      - Scientific Method
        
        The Research goals/types
        
        Description
        
        Correlation
        
        Prediction
        
        Causation
        
        Experiments
        
        The Basics
        
        Theory
        
        Hypothesis
        
        Operational Definitions(조작적 정의)
        
        Replication