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Central Nervous System (Cerebrum (White Matter Tracts (ASSOCIATION TRACTS:…
Central Nervous System
Cerebrum
FRONTAL LOBE: Planning, thinking, decision making. Memory. Plans, initiates, produces voluntary movement.
PARIETAL LOBE: Processes sensory stimuli. Consciously aware of general somatic sensation. Awareness of objects, sounds, and body parts.
TEMPORAL LOBE: Primary auditory & olfactory cortex. Recognizes objects, words, faces, language comprehension, emotional response, and memory (Limbic region)
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POSTCENTRAL CORTEX: Location of primary somatosensory cortex. General, not specialized.
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Diencephalon
THALAMUS: Paired structure. Composed of several nuclei. All conscious sensory signals pass through the thalamus on their way to the cortex, EXCEPT OLFACTION.
HYPOTHALAMUS: Composed of several nuclei. Visceral control center. Controls autonomic nervous system. Regulates body temp. Regulates hunger and thirst. Regulates sleep/wake cycle. Controls endocrine system via PITUITARY GLAND. Involved with formation of memory.
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Brain Stem
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PONS: Involved with autonomic behavior. Has gray matter. Middle cerebellar peduncle connects cerebrum to cerebellum via the pons. Reticular formation nuclei.
MEDULLA OBLONGATA: Pyramidal tracts run through here. Reticular formation nuclei. Has gray matter. Involved with autonomic behavior, such as respiration, BP, cardiovascular activity.
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CNS Protection
MENINGES
DURA MATER: Tough, dense fibrous CT.
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ARACHNOID MATER: Looks like a spider, vascular. SUBARACHNOID SPACE: Blood & vessels, filled with CSF, on brain and spinal cord.
PIA MATER: Very thin, very vascular. Right on the cortex of the brain.
DURAL SINUS: Oxygen-poor blood filled space. Largest is sagittal sinus that runs along longitudinal fissure. CSF leaves ventricles thru arachnoid granulations, and enters the dural sinuses to return to blood.
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CEREBELLUM: Equilibrium and posture. Smooth and coordinate body movements. Outer cortex is gray matter. ARBOR VITAE: White matter tracts. Deep gray matter as well.
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INFERIOR PEDUNCLE: Connects medulla oblongata to cerebellum. AFFERENT, from spinal cord.