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Central Nervous System (cerebrum (white matter tracts (association…
Central Nervous System
cerebrum
Frontal
decision making; logic; reasoning; plan, initiate, and produce voluntary movement
Temporal
special senses, recognition of objects, words, and faces, emotional response and memory
Parietal
processes sensory information, sensory awareness
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white matter tracts
association
connect parts of the same hemisphere to each other, short neighborhood trips
commissural
one hemisphere to another, example: corpus callosum, think missionary work: connecting one side of the world to another
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Insula
primary cortex for gustation, general visceral sensation (pain/discomfort)
diencephalon
thalamus
conscious memory signals, exception: olfaction, signals can be amplified here or "toned down"
hypothalamus
in charge of a lot of things. to name a few: regulation of body temperature, control of endocrine system (through pituitary gland), regulates hunger and thirst, motivational behaviors (food and sex), involved with emotion and memory
epithalamus
pineal gland location, scretes melatonin, sleep/wake cycles
brain stem
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pons
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examples: heartbeat, breathing
medulla oblongata
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reticular formation nuclei, involved with autonomic behavior, cardiovascular center, vasomotor center, respiratory center
cerebellum
function: balance, equilibrium, posture, smooths and coordinates voluntary body movement, think ballerina
cerebellar peduncles
superior
white, connects midbrain to cerebral cortex and midbrain, EFFERENT
middle
connects pons to cerebellum, EFFERENT
inferior
connects medulla oblongata to cerebellum, AFFERENT f/ spinal cord --> proprioception b/c of equilibrium and posture
spinal cord
conus medularis
end of spinal cord, tapered, ends at L1/L2
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anterior root
efferent, carries motor information FROM the brain
posterior root
afferent sensory root, carries sensory info TO the brain
CNS protection
3 meninges
dura mater
tough, dense fibrous CT, two layers: 1. periosteal - near bone 2. meningeal layer - deeper
arachnoid mater
"spider mother"
filled with CSF, all blood vessels entering brain and cranial nerves pass through here
pia mater
VERY thin but VERY vascular - capillaries, think "gentle mother"
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epidural space
no epidural space in brain, only around spinal cord, composed of adipose
dural sinuses
blood filled space, oxygen poor blood
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