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Ethics and Professionalism 2 (Characteristics of modern profession (•…
Ethics and
Professionalism 2
Administrative
Registered Persons: -
a) may not without satisfactory reasons destroy or dispose
of, or knowingly allow any other person to destroy or dispose of, any information within a period of 10 years after
completion of the work concerned;
b) may not place contracts or orders, or be the medium of
payments, on their employer’s or client’s behalf without the written authority of
the employers or Clients
Ethics and the role of the expert
Part of an experts job is to collect data – they do have to make judgements on what is of central importance and what can be neglected
• If much of there working lives have been committed to
mastering an advanced speciality, some degree of commitment to a particular position is almost inevitable
Understanding the context of differing
experts advice
• Unfairness in debate is probably inevitable if
• Unequal funding for opposite sides
• Domination of research by a few experts
• Career penalty for unwelcome advice
• Administrative procedures that impose secrecy
profession and an
occupation
PROFESSION
Extensive training
Specialised knowledge Like doctors, engineers,
advocates, journalists
OCCUPATION
Doesn’t necessarily require
extensive training Not paid for their knowledge,
but for what they PRODUCE Like drivers, clerks,
technicians
What is a professional?
• Origins in Latin verb profiteri – • to declare or profess a vocation or special calling
• During the middle ages, knowledge and education was mostly
controlled by the church.
• During the 12th century free associations of scholars came
together to form universities
• By the 13th century it has largely taken the place of monasteries as
intellectual centres
• Small number of professionals - Theology, medicine and law (the original pre-industrial professions) - were trained by universities to service the ruling elite.
• The nature of professions changed with the onset of the industrial
revolution.
Characteristics of modern profession
• Today: Someone who is paid for an activity, typically does it
full time and also used to indicate thoroughness and competence
• Today it is no longer clear-cut which groups are professionals and which are not – professionalism is much more a matter of degree.
• Some of characteristics on which claims of professionalism is based:
• Substantial intellectual and practical training
• The knowledge base has to be broad enough so that the tasks
cannot become a matter of routine but distinct enough not to interfere with adjoining specialists.
• Professional autonomy and responsibility • A degree of acceptance by society of the
legitimacy of the claim for control by the professional group
• Registration and licensing • The profession is responsible, on behalf of society, for testing the competence of practitioners, regulating standards and maintaining discipline
• Embargoes on methods of attracting business
• A fiduciary relationship with the client
Professional indemnity