NaimaAlasCentralNervousSystem
diecephalon
cerebellum
cerebrum
spinal cord
lobes
temporal lobe: primary auditory cortex and primary olfactory cortex. recognize face, objects and words
parietal lobe: area of sensory awareness.
occipital lobe: area of visual cortex
frontal lobe: area of planing, thinking, decision making, memory, plan and initiate, produce movement.
insula: primary cortex for gustation and general visceral sensation
precentral gyrus: is the location of primary motor cortex
postcentral gyrus: its the location of primary somatic sensory cortex. the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch
motor speech
Broca area: controls motor muscle movement of speech
Wernicke area:is the region of the brain that produce speech
brain stem
CNS protection
three white matter tracts
association: connect parts of the cortex of the same hemisphere
commissural: tracts connecting the same cortical area in opposite hemispheres
projection: ascending and descending fibers
thalamus: is a paired structure group of brain nuclei, is the gateway to the cerebral cortex.
hypothalamus: is the inferior portion of the diencephalon . its composed of several nuclei. is the brain's most important visceral control center.
epithalamus: is the third and most dorsal part of the diencephalon. contains the pineal gland which secretes melatonin.
medulla oblongata: contains the pyramis and their decussation, all formed by the pyramidal tracts
pons: is a bulge wedged between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata. it contains the pyramidal tracts and the pontone nuclie that project to the cerebellum
midbrain: is composed of tectum and paired cerebral peduncles with the latter containing the pyramidal motor tracts.
helps maintain posture and equilibrium
cerebellar penduncles
superior: connects the midbrain to the cerebellum
middle: connects pons to cerebellum
inferior: connects the cerebellum to medulla oblongata
conus medullaris: its inferior end, the spinal cord tapers.
cauda equina: collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal
filum terminale: its a long filament of connective tissue that stabilize spinal cord.
anterior root: is the efferent motor root of a spinal nerve
posterior root: the one of the two roots of a spinal nerve that passes dorsally to the spinal cord and consists of sensory fibers
meninges
dura matter: is the most superficial tough, dense, fibrous connective tissue. has two layers: periosteal layer, meningeal layer
arachnoid matter: has subarachnoid space and blood vessels filled with cerebral spinal fluid
pia matter: is a layer of delicate connective tissue richly vascularized with fine blood vessels.
the subarachnoid space: is filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
the epidural space: filled with fat in the spinal cord.
dural sinuses: its blood filled space.