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Verb (Gr. Categories (Mood (conjunctive = thought (subjunctive
if...(were…
Verb
Gr. Categories
Person & Number
singular - plural
- (e)s - 3d person singular in Pres. t. indicative m. forms of
- be in present + past was/were shall in future for 1st person
Tense
- present & past (no future)
Aspect
the way action developes
- continuous (be + pat 1 - marked)
- non-continuous (unmarked)
Phase
also time relation
- perfect (in dif phases, priority, have + pat 2)
- non-perfect (in one phase, simultaneity, unmarked)
Posteriority
- would + infinitive = to some moment in the past
- will + infinitive = to the present moment
Mood
-
-
conjunctive = thought
subjunctive
if...(were, did, had been, had done)
conditional
(would do, should do, would have
done, should have done)
Voice
-
Passive
Types
- primary (+direct obj)
- secondary (indirect obj)
- tertiary (prepositional obj)
Meaning
- real = continuous/habitual
- pseudo = the state resulting from an action
General Characteristics
-
combrinability
- nouns (intr - postpos; trans - both)
- adverbs (intr - postposition)
- adjectives (intr/copular - postposition)
Syntactic funcions
- notional
- auxiliary/copular/aspectual/modal - part of predicate
morphological structure
- simple/derived/compound
- phrasal
Major Classes
-
semantic
- activity
- communication
- mental
- causative
- occurrence
- existence
- aspectual
-
-