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L4. Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems (4.3 Duurzaamheid van…
L4. Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems
4.1 What Ethical, Social, and political issues are raised by information systems?
5 Key technology trends that raise Ethical Issues
Computing power doubles every 18 Months
Data storage costs rapidly decline
Data analysis advances
Networking advances
Mobile device growth
Ethics
5 Moral Dimensions of Information Age
Information rights and obligations
Property rights and obligations
Accountability and control
System Quality
Quality of life
NORA: Nonobvious relationship awareness
"Watch Lists"
Incident and Arrest Systems
Customer Transaction Systems
Telephone records
Human Resource Systems
Profiling
4.2 What Specific principles for conduct can be used to guide ethical principles?
3 Basic concepts
Responsibility
You accept the potential costs, duties, and obligations for the decisions you make
Accountability
Who took responsible action, and who is responsible
Liability
Feature of political systems in which a body of laws is in place that permits individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, ec
5 steps in Ethical Analysis
Identify and describe clearly the facts
Define the conflict or dilemma and identify the higher-order values involved
Identify the stakeholders
Identify the options that you can reasonably take
Identify the potential consequences of your options
6 Candidate Ethical Principles
Golden Rule
Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative
If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone
Descartes' Rule of change (Slippery-slope rule)
If an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all
Utilitarian Principle (nuttigheid)
Take the action that achieves the higher or greater value
Risk Eversion Principle
Take the action that produces the least harm or the least potential cost
Ethical "No Free Lunch" Rule
Assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise
4.3 Duurzaamheid van ICT
4 Duurzame Ontwikkeling aspecten
Hier
Nu
Elders in de wereld
In de toekomst
Groene ICT
3 Soorten Kapitaal centraal
Economisch Kapitaal (winstgevendheid)
Ecologisch Kapitaal (Groen)
Sociaal Kapitaal (welzijn)
Triple P's: People, Planet, Profit
Duurzaamheid
People
Planet
Profit
7 Milieuproblemen en hun relatie met ICT
Verandering van klimaat
Verwijdering - e-waste
Verspreiding - a.o. van gevaarlijke afval
Versplilling van niet-herwinbare stoffen
Verstoring van bijv. oppervlakte water
Verdroging
Verzuring
E-waste
Hoe worden milieu problemen opgelost
Techniek (groene IT)
Gedrag
De Overheid kan helpen bij:
Juridische (Wetten en regels)
Financiële (Heffingen en subsidies)
Communicatieve instrumenten (Afspraken, voorlichting en educatie)
4.4 Maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen en ethiek
Gedragsdeterminanten
ASE-Model:
Attitude
Kennis over het onderwerp
Normen en Waarden
Gedragseffectiviteit
Sociale Invloed
Gevoelig wat andere van hen denken
Sociale omgeving bepaalt direct hoe iemand zich gedraagt
Eigen-Effectiviteit
Vaardigheden
Barrièrs
Interne Barrièrs
Externe Barrièrs
Beloningsprincipe
Gedrag beloond wordt
Informatieprincipe
Gedrag gebaseerd op informatie
Organisatiecultuur
Cultuur
Normen (gedragsregels)
Waarden (Ethische principes)
Attitude (Houding, manier van denken)
Uitingsvormen
Symbolen (voorwerpen, woorden)
Helden (Mensen met een voorbeeldwerking)
Rituelen (Sociale gewoontes)