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central nervous system (cerebrum (3 white matter tracts (association…
central nervous system
cerebrum
Frontal lobe
thinking, planning, decision making, memory, produce voluntary movement.
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partial lobe
sensory awareness, general somatic sensation, awareness of objects, sounds, body parts, receives info about environment.
temporal lobe
primary auditory and olfactory cortex, recognize objects and words, emotional response and memory.
insula
primary gustation cortex, general visceral sensation.
Precentral gyrus
First raised gyrus on parietal lobe, primary somatic sensory cortex, general senses, mainly face and hands.
Post central gyrus
last raised gyrus on frontal lobe, primary motor cortex, produces movement - facial expressions.
broca area
frontal left hemisphere, controls motor movements of speech, produces speech.
wernicke area
speech comprehension, left hemisphere, name viewed objects and read words
3 white matter tracts
association
tracts, connects part of cortex, never crosses over brain
commissural
tracts, take info from one hemisphere to another, corpus callous
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Diencephalon
hypothalamus
in center of brain, several nuclei, main function= visceral control center, keeps heart, digestive system and all other important organs running.
regulates body temp, hunger thirst, sleep/wake cycles. control of endocrine system, involved w/ emotion & formation of memory
epithalamus
has nucleus, location of pineal gland (melatonin), between thalamus and cerebellum
thalamus
composed of several nuclei, all conscious sensory info travels through thalamus to cortex (except olfactory), signals can be amplified or toned down
brain stem
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pons
pyramidal tract, middle cerebellar peduncles (highway to cerebellum), reticular formation nuclei (involved in autonomic behavior)
medulla oblongata
pyramidal tract, reticular formation nuclei, cardiovascular, vasomotor, respiratory centers.
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cerebellum
function
equilibrium and posture w/ other parts of brain, smooths and coordinates body movement
3 cerebellar peduncles
superior
through midbrain, communicates when body wants to move
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spinal cord
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anterior root
traveling away from spinal cord, axons of visceral & somatic motor neurons
posterior root
traveling toward sinal cord, V & S sensory neurons
CNS protection
3 meninges
dura mater
tough dense fiber connective tissue. made up of two layers (near bone= periosteal, deeper layer= meningeal)
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pia mater
very thin, vascular layer capillaries). right on cortex of brain
subarachnoid space
cavity small, delicate connective tissue, filled with cerebrospinalfluid
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dural sinuses
blood filled space, in middle of brain and surrounds each hemisphere