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Sensory Perception & Hearing Impairment (Risk Factors (Prevention…
Sensory Perception & Hearing Impairment
The process of Sensory Perception
The
stimulus
stimulates the nerve receptor
The
receptor
is a nerve cell that receives the stimuli and converts it to a nerve impulse. most receptors are specific to their stimulus.
The
impulse conduction
is when the impulse travels along the nerve pathways to the spinal cord or directly to the brain.
The
perception
is the awareness of the stimuli, takes place in the brain. The level of consciousness affects perception of stimuli.
Risk Factors
Smoking
UV light exposure
Medication- awareness of environmental stimuli
Isolation- importance of touch in early life; may happen to older adults with cognitive disabilities.
Injuries
Prevention
Controlling chronic diseases
Getting regular eye exams
Avoiding hot temps for someone with impaired tactile senses.
Concepts related to...
Self
: PTs may experience feelings of depression related to loss of independence.
Mobility
PTs may become less active related to their deficits.
Safety
At risk for injuries
Communication
Clients will need additional support and alternatives for communicating. (brail, large print, interpretive services)
Exemplar: Hearing Impairment
Pathophysiology
Many factors can be involved including
lesions in any area of the ear or central auditory pathways
or the process of
aging
can result in hearing loss.
Etiology
-Profound
deafness
is often a congenital condition.
-Conductive, sensorineural, or mixed
hearing loss
, depending on what portion of the auditory system is affected.
Risk Factors
Individuals who are consistently exposed to loud noises
Some medications and illnesses
Clinical Manifestiations
Conductive hearing loss
involves an
equal loss of hearing
at all sound frequencies; benefits from a
hearing aid.
Sensorineural hearing losses
typically affect the ability to hear high-frequency tones. This loss makes speech discrimination difficult, especially in a noisy environment; causes discomfort for the patient.
Tinnitus
: perception of sound or noise in the ears without stimulus from the environment.