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Central Nervous System (Cerebrum (Three main tracts (Association Tracts…
Central Nervous System
Spinal Cord
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Anterior root
anterior portion of spinal nerve connected to spinal cord
visceral motor pathway
somatic motor pathway
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Posterior root
posterior portion of spinal nerve connected to spinal cord
somatic sensory pathway
visceral sensory pathway
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CNS Protection
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Dura Mater
tough dense fibrous connective tissue
two layers; periosteal and meningeal layers
connected to each other except in dural sinuses
Brain Stem
pons
middle portion
pyramidal tracts run through
middle cerebellar peduncle connects tracts to cerebellum
reticular formation nuclei aid in autonomic behaviors
medulla oblongata
most inferior portion
regulates heartbeat rate and strength
regulates blood pressure
regulates breathing rate
pyramids - location of decussation of pyramidal tracts
midbrain
most superior portion
contains cerebral peduncles (pryamidal motor tracts run through)
contains corpora quadrigemina (superior colliculi = visual reflexes; inferior colliculi = auditory reflexes)
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
main visceral control center
regulates several bodily functions
temperature
hunger
thirst
sleep cycle
endocrine system (with help of pituitary gland)
involved with emotion and motivational behavior (food and sex)
formation of memory
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Thalamus
composed of several nuclei
paired structure
conscious sensory information travels through
olfaction does not travel through
Cerebrum
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Temporal Lobe
auditory cortex
olfactory cortex
language comprehension, emotional response, memory
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Parietal Lobe
receives and processes sensory information
awareness of objects, sounds, proprioception
awareness of general somatic sensation
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Frontal Lobe
thinking, planning, decision making
planning/initiating voluntary movement
memory (some)
Three main tracts
Association Tracts
short, no processing
connect parts of same hemisphere to each other
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