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Mechanics of Bowling (The Lane (Precession (Rotation of the rotational…
Mechanics of Bowling
The Lane
Oiling Patterns
Distribution of oil
Thicker in the centre for amateur
Greater room for error
Directs balls to pins
Effects on Friction
Oil decreases coefficient
Friction slows ball and allows hook
Precession
Rotation of the rotational axis
Proportional to friction
Break down of the lane
Composition of the Oil
Additives increase performance and durability
Friction modifiers
Flow agents
Viscosity
Measure of internal friction
Affected by temperature
Physics of Lubricants
Smooths microscopic bumps
Laminar flow
Surface Tension
Low tension means the fluid will spread
Cohesive forces
Forms film making it more difficult to move through the surface
Composition of the Bowling Ball
Radius of Gyration
Effects of density
Affects the level of friction with the lane
more friction with a low RG
Differential RG
Flare Potential
Hook Potential
Weight
comparison to body weight
heavier ball is better
Centre of Mass
Effect on trajectory
Off-side centre
Weight Block
Types
Symmetric
Asymmetric
Mould
Relation to pin
Cover stock
Materials
Friction with lane
Cover
Parallel Axis Point
initial axis of rotation
Equidistant
Pin to PAP
Increases flare potential
The Initial Throw
Energy Transformation
Potential to kinetic energy
Potential is useless on the lane
Technique
Swing
Accurate release
Parallel to the lane
Resistance
Air Resistance
Dependent on Speed
Not negligible
Magnus Effect
Pin Collisions
Angle of Entry
Greater angle increases probability of strike
Maximum feasible angle is six degrees
dimensions of lane
physical capabilities of bowler
Optimal collision with multiple pins
approach into 1 and 3 pins
covers both sides of the pin triangle
hits multiple pins from different directions
Motion of Pins
ball is not large enough to hit all pins
pins must make further collisions
corner pins are easily missed
Pin Design
centre of mass is above widest radius
pins rotate
aids in later collisions
Angular Momentum and Velocity
Eulerian Angles
Space Frame v Body Frame
Resolving angular velocities
Diagonalisation
Transformation Matrix
Modelling a symmetrical object
Equation of motion
Hooking
Modelling a symmetrical top
Euler's equation
Precession
Nutation
Hooking