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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM (cerebrum (parietal lobe (processes sensory stimulation…
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
cerebrum
parietal lobe
processes sensory stimulation, consciously aware of general somatic sensation
temporal lobe
primary auditory and olfactory cortexes, language comprehension, emotions and memory
frontal lobe
for planning decision making, memory, initiate and produce voluntary movement
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insula
primary cortex for gustation, visceral sensation
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postcentral gyrus
primary somato sensory cortex, receives sensory input from skin, muscles, joints, vibrations and heat
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Wernicke area
found in left hemisphere for speech comprehension, able to name viewed objects and read words
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spinal cord
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anterior root
axons of visceral and somatic sensory motor neuron, it joins the dorsal root to form the spinal nerve
dorsal root
its a unipolar axon which transmits sensory and somatic impulses, it contains the root of ganglion of several neaural cell bodies, it joins with the anterior root to form the spinal nerve
CEREBELLUM (outer cortex gray matter, white matter abhor vitae
for equilibrium and posture, with other parts of the brain it smooths and coordinate body movement
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inferior cerebellar peduncle (connects cerebrum to the cerebellum through the medulla oblongata from the spinal cord for proprioception
diencephalon
thalamus
paired structure, composed of several nuclei,all sensory information travel through the thalamus on the way to the cortexes except for olfaction, signals may be amplified or toned down
hypothalamus
composed of several nuclei, visceral control center,controls autonomic NS with the help of gray matter in the brain stem, regulates body tremperature, regulates hunger and thirst, regulates sleep/wake cycle with pineal gland
epithalamus
it connects the limbic system to other parts of the brain, its involved in the secretion of melatonin and hormones from the pituitory pland by the pineal gland
brain stem
mid brain
contains cerebral peduncles composed of pyramidal motor tracts from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. corpora quadrigemina is made up of superior and inferior colliculi involved with visual and auditory reflexes respectively.
pons
pyramidal tracts run through it, has a middle cerebellar peduncle, reticular formation nuclei. involved with autonomic behavior with hypothalamus
medulla oblongata
pyramidal tracts (pyramids of medulla oblongata). its the cardiovascular center, reticular formation nuclei, vaso moto center and respiratory center. decussation center where motor tracts cross from one hemisphere to the other
meninges
dura matter
tough, dense, fibrous connective tissue made up of two layers (a) periosteal layer near the bone and (b) meningeal layer deeper to the former. there is also the subdural space which contains a thing layer of fluid
arachnoid mater
deep to that is the subarachnoid space and blood vessels, it is filled with CSF
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