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Impacts of plastic pollution on Marine life/Environment (Conclusion (What…
Impacts of plastic pollution on Marine life/Environment
Laura Parker，Article：Ocean Life Eats Tons of Plastic, Here’s Why That Matters
Abstract:
This article takes anchovies as the study object to explain why plastic waste is mistaken for food by marine creatures and analyzes how plastics flow in the ocean.
General Problems
According to the author Parker, L (2017), “anchovies are eating tiny pieces of ocean plastic, and because they, in turn, are eaten by larger fish, the toxins in those microplastics could be transferred to fish consumed by humans”.
Plastic waste is harmful to Marine life
Parker (2017) said
“Now, scientists have confirmed disturbing new behaviors that these microscopic feed fish could have a bigger impact on human health: anchovies are eating tiny Marine plastic sheets, and because they are being eaten by larger fish, the toxins in those microplastics could transfer to fish that humans consume. ”
Plastics can be broken down in the ocean
The plastic in the ocean is not always in its original shape as in the traditional consciousness, but is broken down into small fragments through photosynthesis and waves.
There's a lot of plastic waste in the ocean
A 2015 study that attempted to measure how much microplastic is in the world’s oceans confirmed the “soup” description when it estimated the number of particles in 2014 ranged from 15 to 51 trillion pieces, weighing between 93,000 and 236,000 metric tons.
More focused problems
How does plastic manage to transport itself to entire Marine ecosystems, even the most remote, such as deep seabed and arctic sea ice.
Jenny Griffin, Article：Plastic pollution, the impact on our oceans and what we can do about it.
This article can be divided into six sections, the questions, facts and figures, the impacts, potential solutions, single-use plastic alternatives, and plastic pollution charities.
General Problems
Plastic pollution is a global problem that has grown exponentially as a result of increased consumerism and the increasing amount of plastic used to make the things we use every day.
Plastic waste is harmful to Marine life
Plastic contaminants can reduce fertility and reproductive success and affect the immune systems of affected animals, making them more vulnerable to disease and infection.
We can reduce plastic pollution through our own actions
We can start by changing our habits. Reducing the use of single-use plastics will reduce demand. Avoiding buying items packaged in plastic and using reusable production bags is a quick win (Griffin J, 2018)
Plastics can be broken down in the ocean
: Plastics are photodegradable - which means they break down into smaller and smaller pieces when exposed to sunlight.
There's a lot of plastic waste in the ocean
A study published in 2017 estimated that 11.5 billion to 24.1 million tons of plastic enter the ocean through rivers each year, with the highest months from may to October.
Solutions about plastic
Switch from plastic and polystyrene packaging to environmentally friendly alternatives, such as compostable plant fiber packaging made of natural materials.
Solutions about teaching people/raising awareness
We can start by changing our habits. Reducing the use of single-use plastics will reduce demand
Solutions about cleaning up the ocean
: Clean up the beach
Kate Good, Article：700 Marine Species Might Go Extinct Because of Plastic Pollution. Here Are 5 Ways You Can Help.
This article takes the harm of plastics in the ocean as its research topic by using data to illustrate the amount of plastic in the ocean and the threat to marine life.
General Problems
When plastic bags enter the ocean, marine animals can easily ingest them, leading to clogging of the gastrointestinal tract and other serious health problems (Good, 2018).
Plastic waste is harmful to Marine life
According to a recently published study by researchers at the University of Plymouth, an estimated 270,000 tons of plastic are floating on the ocean surface, with 700 different Marine species threatened by their presence. Not only that, but the researchers believe that plastics are playing a role in the rise in extinction rates.
We can reduce plastic pollution through our own actions
1.Replace all disposables with reusables.
2.Swear off Plastic Bags
3.Check Personal Products for Microbeads
4.Avoid Synthetic Fabrics
5.Learn to Live Waste-Free
There's a lot of plastic waste in the ocean
Although humans are to blame for plastic pollution, this means we also have the power to stop this marine destruction. So, if you want to stand up for the world’s marine animals, the best place to start is with your personal plastic consumption.
Conclusion
What can we do in the future to reduce plastic pollution to the ocean
W
hy is this topic critical：
Plastic waste poses a threat not only to the health of fish but also to humans. People throw away their trash in the sea. However, fish is one of the main food of human beings. The fish that is polluted are caught and put on the table. Therefore, it is imperative to protect the Marine environment.
Introductions
This literature review will focus on the pollution of the Marine environment by plastic waste and the harm to Marine life. Through data collection, the study investigates the types of plastic that pollute the ocean and how fish are harmed by plastic waste. Some specific solutions will be proposed based on the research results. Finally, there is something we can do as individuals to reduce the pollution of plastic waste.
References
Parker, L. ( 2017, August 16 ). Ocean Life Eats Tons of Plastic, Here’s Why That Matters. The National Geographic website. Retrieved October 20, 2018, from
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/08/ocean-life-eats-plastic-larvaceans-anchovy-environment/?user.testname=none
Good, K. (2017, January 18 ). 700 Marine Species Might Go Extinct Because of Plastic Pollution. Here Are 5 Ways You Can Help. One green planet website. Retrieved October 20, 2018, from
http://www.onegreenplanet.org/environment/marine-species-extinction-and-plastic-pollution/
Griffin，J. (2018, October 16). Plastic pollution, the impact on our oceans and what we can do about it. The Sloactive website. Retrieved October 20, 2018, from
https://sloactive.com/plastic-pollution/