Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

JessicaNyquistNervousSystem (Senses (Receptor Stimuli Type…

- - - - origin: external stimulus (skin, special senses)
    - - origin: internal organs
    - - origin: muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments
  - - - pseudostratified columnar epithelium
    - - 1) olfactory receptors
      - 2) olfactory sensory neuron (with bulb)
      - 3) olfactory tract
      - 4) limbic system
      - 5) primary olfactory cortex (in temporal lobe)
    - - olfactory epithelium
        
        location: roof of nasal cavity
        
        type: pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  - - - middle ear
        
        tympanic membrane
        
        ear drum
        
        auditory ossicles
        
        3 bones in ear
      - external ear
        
        auricle
        
        gathers sound waves
        
        amplifies sound waves
        
        circular projection
        
        external acoustic meatus
        
        external opening
      - internal ear
        
        cochlea
        
        liquid-filled
        
        hearing receptors located here
    - - 1) cochlear branch of vestibularcochlear nerve (VIII)
      - 2) medulla oblongata
      - 4) midbrain
      - 3) pons
      - 5) primary auditory cortex (temporal lobe)
  - - - 2) pupil
      - 3) lens
      - 1) cornea
      - 4) posterior segment
      - 5) retina
    - - fibrous layer
        
        schlera
        
        cornea
      - vascular layer
        
        choroid
        
        ciliary body
      - inner layer
        
        retina
      - structures
        
        iris
        
        pupil
        
        lens
        
        rods
        
        cones
        
        optic disc
        
        optic nerve
        
        macula lutea
        
        fovea centralis
        
        vitrous humor: posterior segment
        
        aqueus humor: anterior segment
        
        optic chasm(a)
    - - 1) retina
      - 2) optic chiasm
      - 6) thalamus
      - 4) optic tract
      - 5) midbrain
      - 7) primary visual cortex (occipital lobe)
      - 2) optic nerve
  - - - inner cheeks
      - posterior pharyngeal wall
      - tongue
    - - 1) gustatory receptors
      - 2) Facial nerve (VII), Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), Vagus nerve (X)
      - 3) medulla oblongata
      - 4) thalamus
      - 5) gustatory cortex (insula)
    - - gustatory epithelial cells
  - - - stimulus: temperature
    - - stimulus: chemicals (ex. saliva, water, H20, blood)
    - - stimulus: pain
    - - stimulus: pressure from within (ex. baroreceptor measures blood preesure
    - - stimulus: light
- - - - brain
      - spinal cord
    - - receive, process and respond to incoming signals
  - - - spinal nerves
      - cranial nerves
      - ganglia
    - - Sensitivity to stimuli
      - relay information to the CNS
  - - - output to skeletal muscle
    - - input to skeletal muscle, joints, skin, limbs
  - - - output to contents of ventral cavity
      - examples
        
        smooth muscle
        
        cardiac muscle
        
        glands
    - - input from contents of ventral body cavity
      - examples
        
        stretch
        
        pain
        
        nausea
        
        hunger
        
        temperature
- - - - neuron cell body
        
        "brains" of neuron, contains nucleus
      - nucleolus
        
        makes ribosomes
      - chromatophilic substance
        
        clusters of free ribosomes & rough E.R.
      - axon hillock
        
        area of cell body where axon projects
      - dendrites
        
        cellular receptors/receivers
      - axon
        
        thin process that act as impulse generators & conductors
      - axon collaterals
        
        branch off of axon
      - terminal arborization
        
        tree-like projection at end of axon
      - terminal boutons (axon terminals)
        
        end of axon, create neuromuscular junctions
  - - - unipolar: general (located in ganglia)
      - bipolar: special
    - - most abundant (almost all)
      - CNS only
      - multipolar
    - - multipolar
- - - - oligodendrocytes
        
        responsible for myelination in CNS
        
        wraps plasma membrane around axons
      - microglia
        
        phagocytes
        
        cleanup dead/damaged nervous tissue
      - astrocytes
        
        most numerus
        
        contact neurons & capillaries
        
        supports neurons
        
        maintain chemical environment
      - ependymal cells
        
        has cilia
        
        has microvilli
        
        simple columnar/cuboidal epithelium
        
        lines spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain and spinal cord
    - - satellite cells
        
        surround neuron cell bodies
        
        provide structural support
        
        regulates materials in and out of neuron cell body
      - schwann cells
        
        makes myelin sheath
        
        wraps plasma membrane around portion of axon
  - - - surrounds each nerve
    - - surrounds each facicle
    - - surrounds each axon