Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chemistry Revision-C1 Part 1-Atomic Structure: (Atomic Theory (Elements…
Chemistry Revision-C1 Part 1-Atomic Structure:
Subatomic Particles
Neutrons
In nucleus
Very small compared to the overall size of the atom
Atomic mass subtract atomic number
Relative mass:1
Most of mass concentrated in nucleus
Relative charge:0
Protons
Equal number
Atomic number
+charge and -charge cancels out and 0 charge means an atom has neutral charge
Relative mass:1
Relative charge:+1
Atoms of a given element have the same number of protons in the
nucleus;this number is unique to that element
Electrons
Orbit the nucleus in shells
Relative mass:1/2000
Relative charge:-1
Spread out
Most of an atom has an empty space
Dalton described atoms as tiny indestructible spheres that are identical in size and mass
Isotopes
Different atoms of the same element containing the same
number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei
Relative Atomic Mass
((mass of isotope 1x1st isotope abundance)+(mass of isotope 2x2nd isotope abundance))÷100
RAM of some
elements are not whole numbers as percentage of abundance aren't whole numbers so when times by the mass, a decimal is made. Also dividing by 100 could make a decimal
Chemical properties won't change (as number of electrons don't change) (rate of diffusion, density, melting and boiling point
Physical properties will differ as the RAM has changed (e.g. mass)
Atomic Theory
Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms
Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass and other properties so atoms of different elements differ in these properties
Can't be subdivided, created or destroyed; Bonds can be broken, not atoms
Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form chemical compounds: H2O H:2 O:1
In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated or rearranged