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Nervous System (Senses (Eye components and visual pathways (Fibrous layer,…
Nervous System
Senses
Receptors based on stimulus origin
Interoceptors
proprioceptors
Exteroceptors
Receptors based on stimulus type
Photoreceptor
Light
Chemoreceptor
Chemicals
Thermoreceptor
Heat and cold
Nociceptor
Pain
Mechanoreceptor
touch, pressure, vibration, stretch
Baroreceptor
type of mechanoreceptor that measures blood pressure
Eye components and visual pathways
Vascular Layer
Choroid
Inner layer
Retina
Fibrous layer
Cornea
Schlera
Rods
Cones
Lens
Iris
Optic Disc
Macula Lutea
fovea Centralis
Olfactory Components and pathway(Top to bottom)
olfactory tract
Primary olfactory cortex in temporal lobe
Limbic system
Olfactory sensory neuron within the olfactory bulb
1.Olfactory Receptor
Gustation
Glossopharyngeal nerve(IX)
Vagus Nerve(X)
Facial Nerve(VIII)
Medulla Oblongata
Gustatory Cortex in the Insula
Ear components and pathway
Pons
Midbrain
Medulla Oblongata
Thalamus
Cochlear branch of CN VIII
Primary auditory cortex in temporal lobe
Nervous System organization
CNS
Structures
Spinal Cord
Brain
Function
Receives and processes incoming signals and responds
PNS
Structures
Spinal Nerves
Ganglia
Cranial Nerves
Function
sensitive to stimulus
Sends info toward CNS
Somatic Division
Input from skin, skeletal muscle, joints, limbs
Autonomic Division
input from ventral body cavity contents
Neurons
Neuron components
Axon Hillock
Dendrites
Axon
chromatophilic Substance
Axon collaterals
nucleus and nucleolus
terminal Arborization
cell body
Terminal Boutons
Structural Types
Bipolar
2 processes from cell body
Special sences
Unipolar
One process from cell body
Multipolar
Functional Types
Sensory
afferent
Unipolar
Bipolar special senses
cell bodies located in ganglia of PNS
Interneurons
Association neurons
found between neurons in CNS
Multipolar
Motor
Efferent Neurons
Always multipolar
cell bodies usually in CNS
Anatomy of nervous system
Nerve Components
Epineurim
tough fibrous CT
Surrounds nerve
Fascicle
Bundles of axons
Axon
Part of neuron that carries a signal
Endoneurim
Loose C.T
Myelin Sheath
insulation that covers some axons
Perineurim
Surrounds surrounds each fascicle
fibrous CT
Glial cells
Ependymal Cells
Located in CNS
Functions
Keep CSF moving
Line spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid called ventricles
Microglia
phagocytes
Located in CNS
Functions
Remove microbes and damaged nerve tissue
Satellite Cells
Found in PNS
Function
structurally supportive
egulates exchange of material in/out of neuron cell body
Astrocytes
Located in CNS
Function
help maintain appropriate chemical environmemt
processes that contact neurons and capillaries
supports neurons
Most Numerous