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THE DALITS (NOWADAYS (discrimination (India's "Hidden…
THE DALITS
NOWADAYS
discrimination (India's "Hidden /əˈpɑːthaɪt/ ....................................") remains / still exists
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abused by the police and upper-caste members (caste-motivated killings, /ˈreɪps/...................................... , forced /ˌprɒstɪˈtjuːʃən/ ...................................... for women ...)
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Dalit children => sit in the back of classrooms + verbal and physical /hə'ra:ssmənt/ ...................................... from teachers and other students
some Dalits and other low-caste Indians, such as BR Ambedkar who authored the Indian constitution, and KR Narayanan (1997-2002) who became the nation's first Dalit president, have risen to hold /prɛˈstɪdʒəs/ ................................. positions in the country.
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS: /ˈkwəʊtəz/ ................................... of Dalits in government jobs and educational institutions
growing /3ːbənaizeiʃən/ .....................................= influence of caste has declined, esp. in cities => different castes live side-by-side and inter-caste marriages more common
last names are almost always indications of what caste a person /bɪˈlɒŋz/ ..........................to.
THE INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM
origins => MANUSMRITI = the most important and authoritative book on Hindu law (1,000 years BC) => Hindu belief: a person's position in life is based upon the good /ˈdiːdz/ ..................and /ˈsɪnz/ .................of their past life = karma
DALITS: Outside of the Hindu caste system = /ˈʌntʌtʃəbəl/ ".............................": manual /ˈskævɪndʒəz/ ........................................ , removers of human waste and dead animals, leather workers, street sweepers and /ˈkɒbləz/ .............................. / shoemakers => the /ˈmɪər/ ................... / simple touch of a Dalit was considered "polluting" to a caste member = concept of "untouchability"
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rigid social system in which a social /ˈhaɪərɑːrki/ ........................... is maintained generation after generation with little mobility out of the position in which a person is born
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