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impact on italys foreign policy (impact of domestic economic issues…
impact on italys foreign policy
impact of fascism
impacted by earlier humilliations
impacted by nationalist views
impacted by internal situation
impacted by the treaty of versailles
impacted by economic resources
impact of domestic economic issues
affected by the Great Depression
overvaluing of lira
italian farmers were badly affected
collapse in grain prices
government responded with interventions
bailouts for the industrialists
Istituto Mobiliare Italiano: gave financial support to banks and industries
Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale: took over shares of companies and banks
changing diplomatic aligments in europe
Four Power Act
italy, germany, france and great Britain.
agreed to respect covenant, locarno and other treaties
Anschluss
the name given on the goal of germany for uniting with austria
Stresa Conference
made to reafirm the locarno treaties, and independence of austria
ended 2 months after begining it
Conquest of Abyssinia
political reason: make mussolinis personality cult stronger
economic reason: gain territory for emigration and to provide an export market for their goods, also needed oil.
bad for the economy but made italians get together, the nationalism rose because the annexion of abyssinia was a goal they always wanted to be an imperial power
stresa front motivated Mussolini to no to fear
disput in Wal Wal Oasis
killed 30 italians
italians hoped for it to be the excuse for them to enter more and more in abyssinia
Mussolini demanded an apoly from the abyssinians
emperor of abyssinia asked for an investigation from the league
Mussolini didnt like this and sent more troops
the league didnt hurry in taking actions with italy so Mussolini toke advantage of this
the league decided that it was nobodys fault
italy launched their full-scale invansion
italians captured Adowa
because of this, the league condemned italy as aggressorand impose sanctions
Britain and france wanted to maintain good relations with italy
domestic influences on Italian foreign policy
lack of support from political elites
groups were hostile to germans
economic situation: industries and agriculture didnt fulfilled autarky
economy couldnt fulfilled a general war
foreign policy objectives in invading abyssinia
political reason: consolidate his personality cult and rally support behind regime
economic reasons: he needed to divert attention from failings of the corporate state and impact of Great Depression, he also hoped to find oil.
result of abyssinian war
for league of nations
weakness of the league: it showed that the league was ineffective in solving the conflict
moving: caused italy to move away from good relations with GB and france. closer to germany because of Austria and rhineland )italy accepted germany taking Austria and rhineland had army again)
end of Locarno: italy would no longer uphold its locarno obligations
for italy
western tensions:
mediterranean and suez canal: italy had to pass through great britains naval bases constantly and GB didnt want this
french alliances: if Yugoslavia went to war, france did as well. italy was interested in Yugoslavia, this made the tension between Yugoslavia and france grow as well as between france and italy
economic consequences: italy was still in crisis and entered another war, this made their debts doubled
italian reputation: army was thought to be more brutal instead of cooperative as they were believed to be before
success for italian foreign policy: they achieved their main goal (create a new empire)