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Fungi (Characteristics (Hyphae -each of the branching filaments that make…
Fungi
Characteristics
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Mycelium-mycelia, networks of branched hyphae adapted for absorption, helps expand surface area
Absorptive Heterotrophy -obtains its food by secreting digestive enzymes into the environment to break down large food molecules, then absorbing the breakdown products.
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Unicellular, some are Multicellular
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Chitin-a fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides and forming the major constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi.
Haustoria- hyphae of a parasitic fungus, enabling the parasite to penetrate the tissues of its host and absorb nutrients from it.
Zoospores-a spore of certain algae, fungi, and protozoans, capable of swimming by means of a flagellum.
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Zygospores-the thick-walled resting cell of certain fungi and algae, arising from the fusion of two similar gametes.
Ascus-a sac, typically cylindrical in shape, in which the spores of ascomycete fungi develop.
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Plasmogamy-a stage in the sexual reproduction of fungi, in which the cytoplasm of two parent cells (usually from the mycelia) fuses together without the fusion of nuclei, effectively bringing two haploid nuclei close together in the same cel
the final step in the process of fusing together two haploid eukaryotic cells, and refers specifically to the fusion of the two nuclei. Before karyogamy, each haploid cell has one complete copy of the organism's genome.
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Basidiomycota (sometimes referred as the club fungi)-include mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi
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defined by a clublike structure called a basidium, a transient diploid stage in the life cycle
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Chytridiomycota- found in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats including hydrothermal vents
can be decomposers, parasites, or mutualists
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Chytrids are unique among fungi in having flagellated spores, called zoospores
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Glomeromycota-form arbuscular mycorrhizae, were once considered zygomycetes