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Origin of Halloween (citations (https://www.history.com/topics/halloween/h…
Origin of Halloween
citations
https://www.history.com/topics/halloween/history-of-halloween
https://matadornetwork.com/life/6-halloween-traditions-that-only-exist-in-north-america/
http://time.com/4970466/most-popular-halloween-candy-by-state/
https://www.yelp.com/biz_photos/apotek-pharmacy-houston-2?select=8HXnewWbYPlc0W0IBswthg
http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/10/30/an-oral-history-of-candy-corn-the-most-polarizing-confection-of-them-all/
https://92q.com/events/92qs-drive-thru-trick-or-treat-oct-31/
http://www.bu.edu/today/2013/how-did-halloween-get-started/
halloween in America-Sarah
Celebration of Halloween was extremely limited in colonial New England because of belief systems.
Halloween much more common in the southern colonies.
An American version of Halloween emerged as the beliefs of different Ethnic groups and American Indians meshed together.
The first celebrations included "play parties", which were public events held to celebrate the harvest. During this, neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortune, dance and sing.
The telling of ghost stories and mischief-making were also featured in colonial Halloween.
By the middle of the nineteenth century, autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated throughout the country.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. these immigrants helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally, especially the millions of Irish who fled the Irish Potato Famine.
Traditions in America today
Jack-o-Lanterns
Locals began to carve scary faces in gourds of any type in attempt to scare off evil spirits.
Costumes
Originally, people would dress in costumes to disguise themselves as as spirits so that the ghosts would leave them alone. When people wanted Halloween to be more of a friendly, neighborly holiday, parents were advised to dress their children in costumes that were not spooky, which is why many people now dress as their favorite character instead of something scary.
Trick-or-Treating, American Style
Stems from belsnickling, a tradition coming from German-American communities where children would dress in costume and call on their neighbors to see if the adults could guess the identities of the disguised. In one practice, the children would be rewarded with food or another treat if no one could identify them.
Up until the middle of the 20th century, the "treats" received were not always candy-coins, toys, fruit and nuts were also given out.
The rise in the popularity of of trick-or-treating in the 1950s inspired candy companies to make a marketing push with small, individually wrapped confections. Many people obliged out of convenience, but candy didn't dominate at the exclusion of all other treats until parents began to fear anything unwrapped in the 1970s.
Bobbing for apples
Black and Orange
Origins traced back to the Celtic festival of Samhain
Black represented the "death" of summer while orange symbols the autumn harvest season.
Pranks
When Scottish and Irish immigrants came to America, they brought along the tradition of celebrating Mischief Night as part of Halloween
Candles and Bonfires
These days, they're more than likely just towering traditional bonfires. For the most of early Halloween, open flames were integral in lighting the way for souls seeking the afterlife.
Candy apples
Apples have had a place in harvest celebrations for many years. The first mention of candy apples being given out at Halloween didn't occur until the 1950's.
Candy Corn
Originally just generically autumnal candy because of corn's association with harvest time, candy corn became Halloween specific when trick-or-treating rose to prominence in the 1950's.
Technical/video-Les
Visuals
Audio
history of halloween-Annette
Ancient Celtic festival of Samhain
People would light bonfires and wear costumes to ward off ghosts
8th century, Pope Gregory III designated November 1st to be a time to honor all saints.
November 1st marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31 they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth
halloween traditions now/
script-Angelia
trick or treat
Candy corn is the most widespread favorite; Produced by Jelly Belly Candy Co (formerly Goelitz Candy Co) since 1898; Originally just generically autumnal candy because of corn's association with harvest time
Skittles, Reese’s Cups and M&M’s, the top three most popular Halloween candies across the country. On average, Skittles and Reese’s Cups have sold more than 3 million pounds annually over the last decade, while M&M’s have sold about 2.7 million.
“trick or treat!" The phrase is a subtle suggestion that if a treat (like candy) is given, then the child will not perform a “trick" (mischief) on the owner of the house.
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It just so happened that November 1 was the Christian Feast of All Saints and the next day is All Souls' Day. October 31 became the Eve of All Saints, or All Hallows' Eve. So the modern practice of Halloween incorporates Christianity and pagan rituals
