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The Protestant Reformation (Origins of the Protestant Reformation (Erasmus…
The Protestant Reformation
Origins of the Protestant Reformation
Erasmus
1st to criticize Catholic church
Wanted Christianity to convert back to simpler times; focused on the belief of people, not whether they went on pilgrimages or not
Luther
Believed that faith alone was able to earn salvation
Acted upon beliefs
Christian Humanism
The combination of classical learning and the desire to reform the church
Believed in the power for humans to improve upon themselves
Luther's break from church
95 Theses
95 complaints about Catholic church, written by Luther. He nailed them to the church
Largest complaint was the sale of indulgences
Response to Luther
The Church
After church didn't respond to complaints, Luther ordered a German price to overthrow the papacy. This got him excommunicated and he became an outlaw. He was hidden by his local lord
The People
Many people (and people of power) agreed with Luther's views/opinions
Spread of Protestant Reformation
Rise of Lutheranism
Since many people in power in the Holy Roman Empire agreed with Luther, Luther set services to overthrow Christianity.
Impact on Politics
Charles V
Holy Romain Empire ruler; land united by Christian faith and outlawed Lutheranism
Was threatened by the French ( for political power), Ottoman Turks (invaded Spain), German Lords and rulers (wanted control), and Catholic Church (challenged their control/influence)
Peace of Augsberg
German lords/rulers started war between them and Charles V. Charles could not defeat them, so he turned to peace
Peace of Augsberg: formally accepted the division of Christianity in Germany; gave German states the right to chose their religion, citizens had to go on whatever their lord/ruler chose