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CHAPTER 12 (14 steps of blood flow through the heart! (1.)…
CHAPTER 12
14 steps of blood flow through the heart!
1.) superior/inferior vena cava.
2.) right atrium.
3.) tricuspid valve.
4.) right ventricle.
5.) pulmonary semilunar valve.
6.) pulmonary trunk
7.) left and right pulmonary arteries.
8.) lungs.
9.) left and right pulmonary veins.
10.) left atrium.
12.) left ventricle
13.) aortic semilunar valve.
14.) aorta.
11.) bicuspid.
12.1! kahoot paper.
the wall between the atria is interatrial septum.
the loose fitting sac around the heart is called the parietal pericardium.
the heart lies in the mediastinum.
the innermost layer of the heart wall is the endocardium.
blood returning from the systemic circulation enters the right atrium.
blood is carried away from the heart by arteries.
the left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins.
the left and right coronary arteries carry blood to the heart.
the 3 layers of the heart wall > Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium.
atrioventricular valves prevent back flow into the atria.
the great and the middle cardiac veins drain blood into the atria.
blood from the systemic circulation returns to the heart by the way of the venae cavae.
the coronary circuit directly supplies blood to the myocardium.
Chapter 12.2 - 12.3 ( kahoot.)
the purkinje fibers are located in the walls of the ventricles.
deplorixation of the atria is represented on an electrocardiogram by the p wave.
the QRS wave on an ECG tracing represents ventricular deplorization
the second heart sound is heard when the semilunar valves close.
relaxation of the ventricles is called ventricular diastole.
which of the following is greater. ( the conduction velocity along a purkije fiber.)
under conditions of hypocalcemia ( cardiac muscles contraction is weak.)
correct order of stimulation in the nodal pathways. ( SA NODE > AV NODE > AV BUNDLE > PURKINJE FIBERS
the maximum rate of contraction in normal cardiac muscle fibers is 200 per minute.
neither summation or tetany can occur.
cardiac muscle is similar to skeletal muscle in the presence of striations.
the t wave of the ecg corresponds to ventricular repolarization.
the 3 layers of the heart are epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.
chapter 12.4
the amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute is cardiac output.
heart valves open and close because of pressure differences.
amount of blood the heart beats in one contraction is the SV
the atrial reflex accelarates the heart rate when the walls of the right atrium are stretched.
the cardiac output is directly related to the venous return.
the refractory peroid of cardiac muscle is longest in duration.
the amount of blood in each ventricle during isovoulmetric relaxation is equal to the ESV.
the amount of blood in each ventricle during isovolumetric contraction is equal to the EDV