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Ergogenic Aids - A substance object or method used to improve or enhance…
Ergogenic Aids - A substance object or method used to improve or enhance performance
Pharmacological Aids
A group of ergogenic aids taken to increase the levels of hormones or neurotransmitters naturally produced in the body
Anabolic Steroids
A group of synthetic hormones which resemble the male hormone testosterone and promote muscle growth, recovery and repair
RISKS - Irritability and aggression. Leads to liver damage and heart failure. Hormone disturbances
BENEFITS - Increased muscle mass and strength. Increased recovery and increased intensity of training
RISKS - Increased Blood Viscosity. Decreased cardiac output. Risk of blood clots and heart failure
Synthetic drug that causes red blood cell production
Rh Erythropoitin
BENEFITS - Increased red blood cell and haemoglobin. Increased O2 and aerobic capacity. Increased intensity before fatigue
Synthetic drug that increases protein synthesis for muscle growth recovery and repair
Human Growth Hormone
BENEFITS - Increased muscle mass and strength. Decreased fat mass. Increased blood glucose levels. Increased speed of recovery. Bone growth
RISKS - Abnormal bone and muscle development. Multi organ failure and increased risk of cancers
Physiological Aids
A group of ergogenic aids used to increase the rate of adaptation by the body
Blood Doping
An illegal method of increasing red blood cell content by infusing blood prior to competition
BENEFITS - Increased red blood cell and haemoglobin. Increased O2 and aerobic capacity. Increased intensity before fatigue
RISKS - Increased blood viscosity. Decreased cardiac output. Risk of blood clots and heart failure
Intermittent Hypoxic Training
Interval training with work intervals performed under hypoxic conditions. 4-8 weeks of 40 minute work intervals
BENEFITS - Acclimatization for altitude events. Increased red blood cell and 02 carrying capacity. Increased mitochondria and delayed OBLA
RISKS - Dehydration. Decreased immune function Loss of motivation
Cooling Aids
RISKS - Ice burns. Dangerous for those with heart conditions. Chest pains
BENEFITS - Reduced core body temperature. Decreased sweat and dehydration. Increased recovery and Decreased DOMS
A range of products such as ice vests, packs and baths used to reduce core temperature, treat injury and speed up recovery
Nutritional Aids
Nitrates
RISKS - Headaches, dizziness. Carcinogenic Risk and Long term effect are unclear
Inorganic compounds which dilate blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and increasing blood flow to muscles
BENEFITS - Reduced blood pressure. Increased blood flow. It delays fatigue
BENEFITS - Increased buffering capacity. Increased tolerance to lactic acid and delayed OBLA
RISKS - Gastrointestinal Problems and Taste that causes nausea
AN alkaline which acts as a buffer to neutralise the rise in lactic acid associated with intense anaerobic activity (Soda loading)
Bicarbonate
Caffeine
RISKS - Diuretic effect. Anxiety and insomnia and Gastrointestinal problems
A stimulant used to heighten the central nervous system and mobilise fats to prolong aerobic energy production
BENEFITS - Increased nervous stimulation. Increased focus and concentration and preserved muscle glycogen
BENEFITS - Increased PC stores. Increased fuel and Increased maximum and explosive strength
Creatine Supplementation
RISKS - Weight gain, Water retention and muscle cramps
Consumption of creatine monohydrate to increase stores of PC to increase intensity and duration of performance
RISKS - Eventual loss of electrolytes
BENEFITS - Increased heat regulation. Decreased blood viscosity and decreased fatigue
Hydration
Hypotonic - Drinks that contain a lower concentration of glucose than the blood stream. Isotonic - Drinks that contain the same amount of glucose that is in the blood stream Hypertonic - Drinks that contain more glucose than in the blood stream
Glycogen/Carbohydrate Loading
The manipulation of food intake in the week before competition to maximise energy stores
BENEFITS - Increased glycogen stores by 50%. Increased endurance capacity. Delays fatigue by 30%
RISKS - Hypoglycaemia in depletion phase. Increased risk of injury. Poor recovery phase
Amount, Composition and timing of meals