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Language (Rules (Pragmatic (govern how people use language in everyday…
Language
Rules
Pragmatic
govern how people use language in everyday interaction, which communication theorists have characterized as a series of speeches acts.
Semantic
what make it possible for us to agree that "bikes" are for riding and "books" are for reading; they also help us to know whom we will and won't encounter when we open doors marked "men or "women"
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Power
Language allows us to satisfy basic functions such as describing ideas, making requests, and solving problems. They way we use language also influences others and reflects our attitudes in more subtle ways, which we will examine now
Symbols
Arbitrary construction that represent a communicator's thought. Not all linguistic symbols are spoken or written words. Deaf people often communicate using "Sign Language"
Sexism and Racism
The power of racist language to shape attitudes is difficult and avoid, even when it is obviously offensive. I
Affilation
Language can also be a way of building and demonstrating solidarity with others. An impressive body of research has demonstrated that communicators who want to show affiliation with one another adapt their speech in a variety of ways,.
Responsibility
In addition to suggesting liking and importance, language can reveal the speaker's willingness to accept responsibility for a message
Troublesome Language
Language can be something of a curse. We have all known the frustration of being misunderstood, and most of us have been baffled by another person's overreaction to an innocent comment.
Equivocal Language
Equivocal words have more than one correct dictionary definition. Some equivocal misunderstandings are simple, at least after they are exposed.
Relative words
Relative words gain their meaning by comparison. Some relatives word are so common that we mistakenly assume that they have a clear meaning. Using relative words without explaining them can lead to communication problems.
Euphesims
Pleasant term substituted for a more direct but potentially less pleasant one. There certainly are cases I which the euphemistic pulling of liguistic punches can be face saving