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Hypercalcaemia (Clinical
presentation (Malaise/lethargy/fatigue, Renal…
Hypercalcaemia
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Diagnosis
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Examination
Cardio, resp, abdo, neuro
Investigations
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Bloods
Bone - high Ca, high ALP (mets, sarcoid, hyperthyroid, Li). phospate (low/normal if hyperpara), PTH (high if hyperpara)
TFTs - high if hyperthyroid
Protein electrophoresis (myeloma)
Imaging
CXR (sarcoidosis, Ca, bony mets)
Isotope bone scan (mets)
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Management
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Definitive
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Medical
IV bisphosphonate
MOA: inhibits osteoclasts, prev bone resorb
SE: flu-like symptoms, myalgia, bone pain,
N+V, headache, seizures
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