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Describing Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties (Organizing Matter…
Describing Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties
Safety in the Science Class
WHMIS
Corrosive
eat through materials
Biohazard
Danger to living things; medical waste
Flammable
Starts on fire
Oxidizing material
releases oxygen
Dangerously reactive
Will react in certain common environments
Poisonous (other)
Long-term negative effects
Poisonous (serious)
Acts immediately
Compressed gas
Highly pressurized; a change in pressure could cause an explosion
HHPS
Red octagon
Most dangerous
Yellow triangle
Least dangerous
Orange diamond
Mid-level danger
Lab Safety
Spatial Considerations
Knowing where everything is (materials, eye-wash station, etc)
Proper equipment (gloves, glasses, aprons, etc)
No long sleeves (might knock something over)
Tying back long hair
Organizing Matter
States of Matter
Liquids
particles move around and can pass by each other
Solids
particles are barely moving and cannot pass each other
Gases
Rapidly moving particles
Plasma
Physical Properties
Melting point
When something changes from a solid to a liquid
Boiling point
When something changes from a liquid to a gas
Density
How much mass/weight something has
Conductivity
The ability to conduct (transfer) electricity and heat
Colour
Hardness
Malleability
Ability to be pounded and formed into sheets
Ductility
Ability to be rolled into a wire
Chemical Properties
reaction with acids
ability to burn
reaction to heat
behaviour in air
reaction with white
Pure Substances
Elements
Broken down into the most simple form (cannot be broken down anymore)
Compound
Chemical combination of two or more elements
Mixtures
Mechanical Mixture
Where you can see the different substances
Solution
Where it looks like one solid substance
Suspension
A cloudy mixture where you can see particles inside one another, and can separate them
Colloid
A cloudy mixture where you can see particles inside one another, but cannot separate them easily
Observing Changes in Matter
Physical Changes
Changes in state
Change in temperature
Something breaking
Change in shape
Chemical Changes
a different
chemical substance
has been formed
a reaction has occurred