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Where Do People Migrate (Refugees (Regions of Dislocation (Africa (Liberia…
Where Do People Migrate
Global Migration Flows
Global migration before 1500: occurred haphazardly, in pursuit of spices, fame, or exploration
Colonization
Physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place putting its own government in charge and bringing people in to control the land
Europe colonized the Americas and the coasts of Africa and parts of Asia in 1500-1800. Then interior of Africa and Asia 1800-1900
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India to eastern Africa, Southeast Asia, and Caribbean
British took control of South Asia and transported thousands of "indentured" workers from India to East and South Africa. It caused major ethnic friction because the South Asians control most of the wealth. They also brought people from India to Southeast Asia and Indonesian islands, also Caribbean islands. Dutch were pivotal in migration from Indonesia to Suriname
Regional Migration Flows
Economic Opportunities
Islands of Development
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EX: region of west africa where Nigeria is producing oil, causing other neighboring laces to believe that life is better in coastal Nigeria, looking for short term jobs and sent money back to support their families. When oil economy collapsed, Nigeria forced out all of foreign workers
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Creates a reason for migrants to move, by presenting new opportunities to escape famine or political issues.
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Conflict and War
Europeans left to US, Canada, Australia, Israel, Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela.
Cubans have left because the government turned to a communist state,
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Migrants go to neighboring countries to take advantage of short-term economic opportunities, to reconnect with their cultural group across borders, or escape political conflict or war.
National Migration Flows
US major migration flows were westward during the early settlements and after the civil war, many African Americans moved North in search of work in the Midwest and Northeast.
In 1970s, African Americans began to leave the North and returned to the south because of better living conditions and a growing economy.
Russia, many people migrated east from the inland to the shores of the Pacific, altering the cultural mosaic of Eurasia.
Russification
The Soviet policy to promote the diffusion of Russian culture throughout the republics of the former Soviet Union
People are migrating from Southern Mexico to Northern because of a shortage of laborers due to many migrants going to the US
Guest Workers
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Europe needed guest workers because of the millions of young men died in WW2 and to help rebuild their economies.
They came from North Africa to France, Turkey to Germany, and Caribbean, India, and Africa to the UK.
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Jobs normally include agricultural laborers, or in service industries like hotels, restaurants, and tourist attractions.
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Can sometimes change the ethnic, languages, and religions of the places they are working in. They can create new temples mosques, restaurants, grocery stores, shops, and service industries.
Refugees
Regions of Dislocation
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Africa
Liberia
Civil wars sent columns of thousands of refugees into the Ivory Coast and Guinea, the number of refugees declined after improved political stability and repatriation
Sudan
2nd civil war between north (Arab and Muslim) and South (black African and Christian or animist). Government waged genocide toward Christian and animist groups. Militia burned villages to the ground. Then there was a genocide on the non Arab Muslims in the North
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Southeast Asia
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Myanmar
Tsumani, cyclone, and generals subjugate the minorities.
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Other Regions
Colombia
Instability due to narcotics and countryside where government has no control is where narcoterrorists attack killing thousands of villagers.
North Africa and Southwest Asia generate most refugees, Subsaharan Africa comes in second.
After 9/11, the US started to bomb Afghanistan causing refugees to climb across the mountains into Pakistan
Most refugees travel by foot, bicycle, wagon, or open boat. and travel to neighboring poor countries.
UNHCR
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Monitors refugee problem, it organizes and funds internation relief efforts and negotiates with governments on behalf of refugees.
A person who has a well founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of social group, or political opinion.
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People left Rwanda because conflict broke out between Hutu and Tutsi leading to a genocide of hundreds of thousands.
Genocide
Acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part , a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group