What caused the muslim counter-crusade and the change to the running of Egypt
Arab Leadership
Military Power
Failures of the Near East and Latin West
Economics and trade
NAD gains support after the Battle of Harim
The Battle of Inab 1149
Shaizar
Crucial muslim victory and sets the tone of regional growing muslim power changes
Muslim victory illustrates the lack of power of the Franks
Lack of frankish military leaders
Some captured, others died
Reduction in power of Byzantine Empire
Byz can't fully support battles in the region Raynald of Antioch attacks Cyprus (1156) - Manuel tells him off - tension between armies
NAD united Aleppo, Damascus and Egypt meaning that Jerusalem is surrounded
Edessa gets broken up after the Second crusade
Nad = tribute through Antioch, peace treaties
NAD had to pay JErusalem 8000 dinars in 1155 - boosting trade
NAD takes Egypt = Nile Delta
Lands are fertile
turns it sunni = Jihad
Build education centres and hospitals with money = popular
Amalric gained 100,000 dinars from Sharwar and a Latin garrison in Cairo
Byzantines - military threat = pay them to keep away
Byzantines - military threat - pay them to keep away
Latin east losing trade with latin West
NAD united multiple cities
Damascus + Cairo
Cairo = international trading hub
Damascus becomes political centre of Islam in NAD's reign
Also trading centre and fertile land
NAD cuts off trade routes for Damascus and then uses propaganda campaign against the Damascene leader in order to turn citizens against him
Signs peace treaty with Byzantines
Byzantium had strong links with Rome and NAD didn't want the Latin West fighting him
Shirkuh
Factionalism
Missed opportunities
Melisende fighting Baldwin for rule happened at the same time of the Battle of Inab
Lack of Manpower
Battle of Harim lost 10,000 soldiers
Bad decisions
do not take opportunity to conquer lands, often take tribute instead
Sign too many treaties