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Looking Inside Cells (Organelles in the Cytoplasm (Mitochondria (Known as…
Looking Inside Cells
Organelles in the Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Known as the
"powerhouse"
b/c they convert energy in food to energy for the cell to carry out it's functions
Endoplasmic Reticulum
These passage ways carry proteins and other materials from one cell to the other. They are the
"movers"
! They take things to the Golgi bodies.
Ribosomes
"Factories"
that produce proteins
Golgi Bodies
They are the
"mail room"
. They receive proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them
Chloroplasts
Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food. These make leaves green
Vacuoles
This is the
"strong storage cell"
. Stores water, food, waste products, and other materials
Lysosomes
Break down certain chemicals. Eg. large food cells into smaller ones. They are the
"clean up crew"
Cytoplasm
Clear, thick, gel that is constantly moving (it's where there are any blank spaces.
Sail on the Nucleus
Nuclear Envelope
Is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus
Acts like an envelope that protects what's inside
Chromatin
These are tiny strands in the nucleus that provide the instructions for the cells actions
Nucleolus
Where ribosomes are made
These are organelles where proteins are produces
Nucleus
Brain of the Cell
Enter a Cell
Cell Wall
A plant's cell wall helps to protect and support the cell
This is a rigid layer of non-living material that holds the liquids and organelles of a plant cell together
Made of a strong material called cellulose that many things get get through expect water and oxygen
Cell Membrane
This controls what substances come in and out of the cell
Doesn't allow harmful ones to come in and out
This acts like a window screen, it allows air in but insects out
A plant cell has to layers of protection: the cell wall on the inside and the cell membrane on the outside. An animal cell only has the cell membrane
Specialized Cells
Cells are specialized to perform different functions
Cells are often organized into tissues, organs , and organ systems
A nerve carries information through the human body but a Red Blood cell carries oxygen thought the body
2 Types of Cells
Plant Cell
Cytomplasm, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Vacuole,
Cell Membrane,
Cell Wall
, Golgi body, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus , Ribosomes,
Chloroplasts
Animal Cell
Cytomplasm, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Vacuole, Cell Membrane , Golgi body, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus , Ribosomes
Bacterial Cells
Usually much smaller and doesn't have a cell wall or membrane but does have a nucleus