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Andrew Jackson's Presidency (Battle with the Bank of the United States…
Andrew Jackson's Presidency
Battle with the Bank of the United States
The bank received federal deposits and attempted to serve a public purpose by cushioning the ups and downs of the national economy.
The bank abused its powers and served the interests of only the wealthy
Vetoed the bill about passing a bank-recharter bill. He denounced it as a private monopoly that enriched the wealthy and foreigners at the expense of the common people.
Nullification Crisis
Jackson favored states rights but not disunion.
in 1828, the South Carolina legislature declared the increased tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations) to be unconstitutional.
Nullification theory: each state had the right to decide whether to obey a federal law or to declare it null and void.
"Our federal Union, it must be preserved." Jackson did not support the right for states to leave the Union.
Convention held in 1832 to nullify 1828 tariff and 1832 tariff, and they passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs of 1832.
Jackson persuaded Congress to pass Force Bill, giving him authority to act against South Carolina with force
Proclamation to the People of South Carolina was also made to make a compromise with South Carolina and the federal government
Indian Removal Act
Jackson sympathized with land-hungry American citizens who were impatient to take over lands held by American Indians.
Compel the American Indians to leave their traditional homelands and relocate west of the Mississippi.
Forced resettlement, not voluntary
Bureau of Indian Affairs: created to assis tthe resettled tribes in 1836
Georgia and other states passed laws requiring Cherokees to migrate West, as they were not a foreign power they could not do anything about it (American Indians)
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia: Cherokees were not a foreign nation with the right to sue in a federal court.
Worcester v. Georgia: High court ruled that Georgia did not have any force within the Cherokee nation
TRAIL OF TEARS: Cherokee repudiated the settlement of 1835, and they were provided land in the Indian Territory. After Jackson left office, the U.S. Army forced 15000 cherokee out of Georgia. Over 4,000 Cherokee died.