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Issues of Andrew Jackson's Presidency (Battle with the B.U.S…
Issues of Andrew Jackson's Presidency
Battle with the B.U.S
Jackson's democrats were anti-bank and opposed the bank's reauthorization because it "conferred economic privileges on a small group of financial elites" which was unconstitutional.
Many pro-bank republicans warned the public that if Jackson was elected for a second term, he would get rid of the national bank all together.
The second bank of the U.S was destroyed and replaced by various state banks
Jackson vetoed the BANK RECHARTER BILL. Jackson also ordered the federal government's deposits removed from the Bank of the United States
Nullification Crisis
Jackson favored states rights but not disunion.
In 1832, SC held a convention to nullify the 1828 and 1832 tariff. The convention also passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs within the state.
Jackson then, issued a proclamation to the people of SC stating that nullification and disunion were treason.
Later, Jackson proposed a compromise of congress lowering the tariff. SC postponed nullification and eventually rescinded it after congress enacted Jackson's proposed compromise.
In 1828, the SC legislature declared the Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations) unconstitutional and in doing so, affirmed John Calhoun's (Jackson's VP) Nullification Theory.
According to the Nullification Theory, each state had the right to decide if a federal law was constitutional or not - and whether or not they wanted to null and void them.
Indian Removal Act 1830
Jackson's concept of democracy did not apply to Native Americans. He sided with citizens who wanted to take over lands controlled by Natives.
Jackson thought the most humane way to resolve these issues was to compel Native Americans to leave their homelands and migrate to West of the Mississippi.
By 1835, most eastern Indian tribes had moved West. In order to aide the resettled tribes, the Bureau of Indian Affairs was created in 1836.
Most politicians supported the removal of Natives. Georgia even passed laws requiring Cherokees to migrate West. This resulted in several court cases.
Cherokees then challenged Georgia in court and the Supreme Courts ruled in "Cherokee Nation v. Georgia" that the Cherokees were not a foreign nation and that they did not have a right to sue in federal court.
In "Worcester v. Georgia" the court ruled that the laws of Georgia had no rule in Cherokee territory.
In this event, of states laws v.s federal courts, Jackson sided with the states and the Court couldn't enforce a decision without the president's support.
In 1830, Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, which evicted thousands of Indians and forced them to resettle.