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Reasons for the Defeat of Germany (Famine (Killed large numbers of farm…
Reasons for the Defeat of Germany
Flu
On day 1, 1722 Berliners died
400,000 civilians had died by the end
Severe flu spread in 1918
Famine
Killed large numbers of farm animals to feed army
Conscripted many farmers
Army took most horses when they mobilised
This made far less productive after 1914
Started relying on imports
The effective British blockade led to the famine in 1918
Political Turmoil
Riots and Revolts
08/11/1918:
In Munich, a revolutionary movement set up a Bavarian Democratic and Socialist Republic.
09/11/1918:
Kaiser Wilhelm II fled to Holland and a new government was set up. He finally abdicated on 28/11/1918.
29/10/1918:
German Navy on the Kiel canal rebelled. It was rumoured they were going to be sent out for 1 last battle with the British Royal Navy and they felt this would be suicidal. So they disobeyed orders and joined a movement that promised to set up councils in rebellion from the current government.
Military Defeat
2 million American troops gave the Allied powers a great boost. They raised morale. Helped stop the Ludendorff offensive and helped with the Hundred Days Offensive. With their resources the USA could support the Allied powers for a long time.
German allies surrendered. 1) Bulgaria in 09/1918. 2) Turkey in 10/1918. 3) Austria-Hungary on 04/11/1918.
By the summer of 1918. The Allied powers had learnt to use tech combined with artillery and infantry attack and this was shown in the battle of Amiens on 08/08/1918.
Ludendorff Offensive had stretched the army to its limits. Supplies and resources couldn't reach the troops in the front-lines. Forced to retreat during the Hundred Days Offensive. The morale was low and soldiers deserted