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Celtic and Latin Borrowings (Celtic borrowings-is one of the earliest…
Celtic and Latin Borrowings
Celtic borrowings
-is one of the earliest types of borrowings into English
Celtic influence on the English language is felt mostly in:
-geographical names(
Thames,Avon
)
-some male names
(Arthur,Donald)
Most of words borrowed from Celtic at an early period of the history of English were not fully assimilated and in the course of time became archaic
The reasons of small quantity of Celtic borrowings in English
the relations between the native population and the Germanic tribes were hostile
Celtic and Germanic languages differed very much
Latin borrowings
there are
3 main periods
of Latin borrowings in English
Old Engish period-
600w borrowed from Latin into English(most of them were borrowed through oral speech)
The 1st layer relates to the time when Angles,Jutes and Saxons lived on the continent(
pound,inch,wine,pepper,plum)
The 2nd layer-dialects of celtic tribes living in Britain(
Manchester,street,wall
)
The 3d layer is connected with the adoption of Christianity in the 6th century(
church,devil,angel,priest,clerk
)
2.
Middle-English period-
this stratum of Latin borrowings embodies abstract or scientific words(
animal,maximum,stratum,formula,datum,veto)
3. Modern English
-connected with the development of scince and technique
Medicine-
anaemia,appendicitis,bronchitis,pediatrics
Chemistry-
acid,alkali,valeney
Technology-
engins,airplane,airdrome,monoplane
linguistic terms-
synonym,polysemy,antonym,phoneme