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Sleep neurobiology (Flip flop switch (When awake hard to induce sleepiness…

- - - - inactive during REM and active during non-REM and wakfullness
- - - - uses GABA and galanin
      - are inhibited by TMN, LC and raphe
      - elevated activity during sleep but not during sleep deprivation
      - two regions
        
        VLPO cluster
        
        lesions -->NREM loss
        
        extended VLPO
        
        lesions --> REM loss
  - - - cells in LC more active in wakefulness than in sleep
    - - cell bodies located in hypothalamus
      - neurons active during wake
      - gave excitatory projections to all other regions as well as to the cortex itself