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Chapter 9 (Theories (The knowledge network (speed of response depends on…
Chapter 9
Theories
Prototype theory: make judgements based on the prototype
Basic-level categories: some category members are privileged
Typicality: objects/categories that are more common have more privilege
Exemplar Theory: make comparisons to examples
Combining Theories
We need prototypes and exemplars!
Concept as a theory: provides a base of knowledge
The knowledge network
speed of response depends on level of association
Propositional networks: smallest unit of knowledge
Nodes connected by association links
Connectionist networks: ideas represented by pattern of activation across network
Concepts
Concepts are building blocks for knowledge
Wittgenstein concepts: simple terms don't have definitions
Family resemblance: common characteristics shared by category members
Prototype: best way to identify a category
Tasks
Sentence verification task: are statements true or false?
Production task: participants are more likely to start with objects closest to prototype.
Rating task: compare test item to prototype