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Population Genetics and Evolution (Speciation (Natural selection has…
Population Genetics and Evolution
Population Genetics (Deals with the abundance of different alleles within a population)
Gene Pool (total number of allele in all the sex cell of all individual of a population constitutes)
Evolution and Origin of Life
Condition on earth Before the Origin of Life
Chemical Present in the Atmoshphere
Energy Sources
Time Available for the Origin of Life
Chemical Produced Chemosynthetically
Formation of Polymers
Aggregation and Organization
Early Metabolism
Oxygen
Presence of Life
Speciation (Natural selection has caused a new species to evolve)
Phyletic Speciation
Pollen Transfer
Seed Dispersal
Vegetative Propagation
Divergant Speciation
Abiological reproductive Barriers (Any physical , nonliving feature that prevents two populations from exchanging genes)
Biological Reproductive Barriers (Any biological phenomenon that prevents successful gene flow)
Prezygotic isolation Mechanisms (Biological reproductive barriers prevent pollen from moving from one plant to another and thus neither pollination nor fertilization occurs)
Postzygotic internal isolation barriers
Hybrid Sterility (Two populations occasionally interbreed or are artificially cross-pollinated and produce viable seed, but the seed grows into a sterile plant)
Hybrid Inviability (If cross-pollination occurs, alleles from one parent may code for proteins incompatible with those coded by alleles from the other, and not even a sterile hybrid can result; instead, the zygote or embryo dies early in development)
Adaptive Radiation (Special case of divergent evolution in which a species rapidly diverges into many new species over an extremely short time, just a few million years)
Convergent Evolution
Rates of Evolution
Factors that cause the Gene Pool to Change
Mutation
Accidents
Artificial Selection (Human purposefully
change the allele frequency)
Natural Selection (significant factor causing
gene pool changes)
Factors that are not Part of Natural Selection
Intension
Planning
Purpose
Voluntary Decision Making
Situations in which Natural Selection Does not Operate
Multiple selection Pressures
