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Dissertation (Mental Health Stigma (Impact of a Mental Illness Stigma…

- - - - Mental Health Stigma: Personal and Cultural Impacts on Attitudes.
        East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
        
        Crowe, A., Averett, P., Glass, J. S., Dotson-Blake, K. P., Grissom, S. E., Ficken, D. K., … Holmes, J. A. (2016). Mental Health Stigma: Personal and Cultural Impacts on Attitudes. Journal of Counselor Practice, 7(2), 97–119. https://doi.org/10.22229/spc801925
        The stigma attached to mental illness can serve as barrier for help-seeking among individuals who experience a mental health issue. In an effort to contribute to the professional understanding of mental illness stigma and barriers to help-seeking, the authors conducted a phenomenological study to explore the perceptions of 10 full-time university employees.
  - - - Perception and attitude toward mental illness in antenatal mothers in rural population of Southern India: A cross-sectional study.
        Department of Community Medicine, USM-KLE IMP, Belagavi, Karnataka
        Manjrekar, S., & Patil, S. (2018). Perception and attitude toward mental illness in antenatal mothers in rural population of Southern India: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 9(4), 473–477. https://doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrppass:[_]535_17
        Mental health disorders globally are on a rise due to various reasons. Gender differences have been one of the reasons. Pregnancy is a stressful event in mothers and it can either exacerbate preexisting mental illness or can give rise to other mental health disorders. Studies have shown that women residing in rural areas are at higher risk of developing mental health problems. Mental health problems have detrimental effects in post-partum period. Most of the complications can be prevented if psychiatric symptoms are detected in early part of pregnancy and if women are aware of these symptoms.
        
        The Impact of Mental Illness Stigma on Seeking and Participating in Mental Health Care.
        Illinois Institute of Technology
        Corrigan, P. W., Druss, B. G., & Perlick, D. A. (2014). The Impact of Mental Illness Stigma on Seeking and Participating in Mental Health Care. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 15(2), 37–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100614531398
        Treatments have been developed and tested to successfully reduce the symptoms and disabilities of many mental illnesses. Unfortunately, people distressed by these illnesses often do not seek out services or choose to fully engage in them. One factor that impedes care seeking and undermines the service system is mental illness stigma. In this article, we review the complex elements of stigma in order to understand its impact on participating in care. We then summarize public policy considerations in seeking to tackle stigma in order to improve treatment engagement. Stigma is a complex construct that includes public, self, and structural components. It directly affects people with mental illness, as well as their support system, provider network, and community resources. The effects of stigma are moderated by knowledge of mental illness and cultural relevance. Understanding stigma is central to reducing its negative impact on care seeking and treatment engagement. Separate strategies have evolved for counteracting the effects of public, self, and structural stigma.
  - - - Communicating about Mental Illness and Violence: Balancing Stigma and Increased Support for Services.
        University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland.
        McGinty, E. E., Goldman, H. H., Pescosolido, B. A., & Barry, C. L. (2018). Communicating about Mental Illness and Violence: Balancing Stigma and Increased Support for Services. Journal of Health Politics, Policy & Law, 43(2), 185–228. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-4303507
        In the ongoing national policy debate about how to best address serious mental illness (SMI), a major controversy among mental health advocates is whether drawing public attention to an apparent link betweenSMI and violence, shown to elevate stigma, is the optimal strategy for increasing public support for investing inmental health services or whether nonstigmatizing messages can be equally effective.We conducted a randomized experiment to examine this question.
  - - - Mental-health-related stigma among Japanese children and their parents and impact of renaming of schizophrenia.
        University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo Japan
        Koike, S., Yamaguchi, S., Ohta, K., Ojio, Y., Watanabe, K., & Ando, S. (2017). Mental-health-related stigma among Japanese children and their parents and impact of renaming of schizophrenia. Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, 71(3), 170–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12423
        Aim Mental-health-related stigma affects help-seeking behavior and service utilization among young people. Whether mental-health-related stigma is different or correlated between parents and their children is unknown. It is also unknown whether the name change of schizophrenia in 2002 has had long-term effects on reducing stigma for adults in the general population. Conclusion The present findings suggest that stigma toward mental illness is shared between family members, and the name change of schizophrenia has effectively reduced stigma levels toward this disorder in adults of various ages.
  - - - A Public Health Perspective on the Stigmatization of Mental Illnesses.
        Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
        
        Mental illness stigma occurs when individuals are devalued or treated unfairly by others because of their mental health condition. The stigmatization of people with mental illnesses has been recognized by international agencies such as the World Health Organization and the World Psychiatric Association as an important public health and human rights problem. This paper reviews the origins of mental illness stigma and examines population-based research that describes public perceptions of people with a mental illness; experiences of stigma by people who have a mental illness; and mental health literacy.
- - - - Personal storytelling in mental health recovery.
        Department of Clinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
        Nurser, K. P., Rushworth, I., Shakespeare, T., & Williams, D. (2018). Personal storytelling in mental health recovery. Mental Health Review Journal, 23(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHRJ-08-2017-0034
        Purpose Creating more positive individual narratives around illness and identity is at the heart of the mental health care recovery movement. Some recovery services explicitly use personal storytelling as an intervention. The purpose of this paper is to look at individual experiences of a personal storytelling intervention, a recovery college Telling My Story (TMS) course.Design/methodology/approach Eight participants who had attended the TMS course offered at a UK recovery college were interviewed. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.Findings Five key themes, namely a highly emotional experience, feeling safe to disclose, renewed sense of self, two-way process and a novel opportunity, were emerged.Originality/value The findings suggest that storytelling can be a highly meaningful experience and an important part of the individual’s recovery journey. They also begin to identify elements of the storytelling process which might aid recovery, and point to pragmatic setting conditions for storytelling interventions to be helpful. More time could be dedicated to individuals telling their story within UK mental health services, and the authors can use this insight into the experience of personal storytelling to guide any future developments.
- - - - Mindfulness-based stress reduction in adolescents with mental disorders: A randomised clinical trial.
        Hospital Infanta Margarita de Cabra (Córdoba)
        Díaz-González, M. C., Pérez Dueñas, C., Sánchez-Raya, A., Moriana Elvira, J. A., & Sánchez Vázquez, V. (2018). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in adolescents with mental disorders: A randomised clinical trial. Psicothema, 30(2), 165–170. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2017.259
        Currently, there is a strong movement to implement mindfulness interventions with young people. The objective of this randomised clinical trial was to assess the potential effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programme for adolescent outpatients in mental health facilities in Cordoba, Spain. Method: A total of 101 adolescents aged 13-16 years old, receiving psychological or psychiatric treatment for various disorders, were eligible for the study. The participants' scores on mindfulness, self-esteem, perceived stress, state-trait anxiety and other psychological symptoms were examined at two time-points.
  - - - Impact of Mindfulness on Mental Health of Patients Diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder.
        MPhil Scholar, Department of Psychology, Government College University, Lahore
        Makki, A., Ajmal, A., & Bajwa, R. S. (2018). Impact of Mindfulness on Mental Health of Patients Diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder. Isra Medical Journal, 10(2), 66–69. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=130150689&site=ehost-live&scope=site
        To assess the impact of Mindfulness on Mental Health of Patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder. STUDY DESIGN: A Correlational study design. PLACE AND DURATION: The study was completed in six months from 1st December, 2015 to 1st June, 2016 at Nishtar Hospital, Multan and Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. METHODOLOGY: Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI) were used to measure the degree of mindfulness and mental health. RESULTS: The results indicated that mindfulness and psychological issues like depression, anxiety, loss of behavioral control, emotional ties and psychological distress are significantly correlated and mindfulness has significant impact on mental health in depressed patients. However, results also indicated that mindfulness is higher in educated clinical patients than uneducated clinical patients.
        
        Bodenlos, J. S., Wells, S. Y., Noonan, M., & Mayrsohn, A. (2015). Facets of Dispositional Mindfulness and Health Among College Students. Journal Of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 21(10), 645-652. doi:10.1089/acm.2014.0302
        This article explores and explains the mindfulness phenomena in western culture, specifically in the world of healthcare. More specifically, the authors elaborate on what mindfulness entails of, how is defined, and how is it currently used. Additionally, this article analysis mindfulness-based interventions with college students, its outcomes in both medical patients and healthy individuals. The mindfulness-based interventions the authors analyze consist of 10-week intervention periods. The outcomes from these interventions resulted in improvements in mental health problems, such as depression, stress, and negative affect. This study also found that the mindfulness facets of describing, acting with awareness, and nonjudging of experience were positively associated with general health and energy. A different study shown that mindfulness was associated with better quality of life, more positive behaviors, and fewer health conditions. Additionally, mindfulness was associated with lower blood pressure and lower interleukin levels in young adults. This study also suggests that increasing dispositional mindfulness requires an ongoing practice before experiencing increases in health. Overall, this research adds to the existing literature by examining which facets of mindfulness are related to domains of health in college students.
      - Huston, D. C., Garland, E. L., & Farb, N. A. (2011). Mechanisms of Mindfulness in Communication Training. Journal Of Applied Communication Research, 39(4), 406-421. doi:10.1080/00909882.2011.608696
        This article offers a detailed analysis of mindfulness, its history and how its becoming an increasingly popular component of communication courses. However, the authors highlight that the effects of mindfulness in communication courses are not well researched. In their study, the authors found that implemented mindfulness as a training resulted in reducing negative reactivity in communication.
- - - - Disability Studies: The Old and the New
        Tanya Titchkosky. (2000). Disability Studies: The Old and the New. The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers Canadiens de Sociologie, (2), 197. https://doi.org/10.2307/3341823
        
        This paper does not intend to empirically establish whether Disability Studies is old or new; instead, it aims to uncover what the gloss "new" means in relation to mainstream sociology's rejection of such a claim and the repetitive articulation of it by Disability Studies. Conceptions of disability found in traditional sociological studies of disability-as-deviance are explored, turning first to the work of Goffman and then to a mainstream deviance text book. The paper then uncovers the values and assumptions that lie behind the social act of conceiving Disability Studies as a "new" field of inquiry. Thus, "new" is symbolic of an affirmation of inquiry into ablebodiedness as itself a culture in need of critical engagement. It is also a way to articulate the standpoint of disability as a means to provoke such inquiry. Further, "new" is a rhetorical device to highlight that many Disability Studies researchers are now challenging the mainstream approaches to the study of disability.
        
        Moving Closer: Speakers with Mental Disabilities, Deep Disclosure, and Agency through Vulnerability.
        Wayne State University
        Uthappa, N. R. (2017). Moving Closer: Speakers with Mental Disabilities, Deep Disclosure, and Agency through Vulnerability. Rhetoric Review, 36(2), 164–175. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.lib.utep.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lfh&AN=121520001&site=eds-live&scope=site
        This essay examines the rhetoric of an organized group of mentally disabled speakers who share their stories with the public to fight the stigma that adheres to psychiatric diagnoses. Their “deep disclosure” of the sometimes disturbing details of their disability-related experiences can make the speakers and their audience members vulnerable in distinct ways. Vulnerability in these rhetorical situations need not only be viewed as threatening, however. Rather, the essay argues, it has the potential to be highly productive when it encourages the speaker and audience member’s openness to each other’s influence.
    - - Landau, J., & Thornton, D. J. (2015). Teaching Rhetoric of Health and Medicine to Undergraduates: Citizens, Interdisciplinarity, and Affect. Communication Quarterly, 63(5), 527-532. doi:10.1080/01463373.2015.1103602
        This article focuses on an undergraduate course in rhetoric of health and medicine at a Southwestern University. Some of the topics covered include the description of the course, ways by which rhetorical perspectives on health communication enrich undergraduate curricula and the role of rhetorical perspectives in the study of health across the academy and society.
        
        Segal, J. Z. (2005). Interdisciplinarity and Bibliography in Rhetoric of Health and Medicine. Technical Communication Quarterly, 14(3), 311-318. doi:10.1207/s15427625tcq1403_9
        This essay analysis the current state of rhetoric of health and medicine as a subfield strongly dependent on interdisciplinary contributions. The author examines questions of the relation of rhetorical research to discourse research in other fields, and considers what might count, especially in graduate student training, as rhetorical study of health and medicine.
        
        Stanley, S. (2013). From discourse to awareness: Rhetoric, mindfulness, and a psychology without foundations. Theory & Psychology, 23(1), 60-80. doi:10.1177/0959354312463261
        This paper argues for a shift in the grounding of psychology from discourse to a “groundless ground” rooted in an ethically sensitive, within-person, and moment-to-moment embodied awareness. It also considers parallels between discursive constructionism and Buddhist mindfulness and shows how mindfulness is relationally and rhetorically organized as a social practice.
        
        Wilson, J. (2001). Embodied Rhetorics: Disability in Language and Culture. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
        This article analysis disability studies from a specifically rhetorical point, employing critical theory to consider “how the language of institutional discourse systems determines material practices in ways that can work to the advantage—and disadvantage—of the disabled person” (11). The book is a classic case of rhetorical, cultural analysis.