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Activity 1.4: Reading Mintzberg’s five Ps of strategy (Plan (Intended…
Activity 1.4: Reading Mintzberg’s five Ps of strategy
Plan
Deliberate Strategy - Linked to realised strategy
May or my not be a plan behind business patterns
Plans my go unrealised
Intended Strategy
Never quite the way it works
Planned
Entrepreneurial strategy
Ideological
Umbrella
Process
Disconnected
Ploy
"a specific manoeuvre intended to outwit an opponent or competitor"
Market signals
Including discussion of the efforts of announcing moves
The fighting brand
Use of threats of private antitrust suits
Competitive Moves
Actions to pre-empt competitive response
The strategy of conflict
Ploys to outwit rivals in a competitive or bargaining situation.
Pattern
Strategy is a pattern - specifically, a pattern in a stream of actions. :pen: (Mintzberg and Waters, 1985).
Realised strategy
Intended Strategy
Realised strategy
Unrealised strategy
Emergent strategy
Realised strategy
No consistency
Consistency in behaviour, whether or not intended.
May appear without preconception
Strategies may result from human actions but not human design :pen: (see Majone, 1976-1977)
Umbrella
Process
Consensus
Imposed
Position
Organisational environment
Mediating force / Match :pen: Hofer and Schendel (1978:4)
in ecological terms
strategy becomes a niche
in management terms
formally, a product-market "domain" :pen: (Thompson, 1967)
the place in the environment where resources are concentrated.
In economic terms
a place generates "rent"
"returns to [being] in a 'unique' place" :pen: (Bowman, 1974:47)
cooperation
would-be competitors
herding together for protection
informal
arrangements
formal
mergers
joint ventures
political strategies
Looks outside the organisation
Perspective
Looks inside the organisation
integrated way of preciving the world
individual ways of doing things
e.g. "The HP-WAY"
engineering culture
what do you want to be renowned for!
The " character" of an organisation :pen: Philip Selznick (1957:47)
ways of
acting
responding
built into the organisation
driving force
"Weltanschauung"
World view
collective intuition about how the world works
concept
exist only in the mind of interested parties
must be shared
united through a common thinking and/or behaviour