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Listening (Barriers to Effective Listening (Trying to listen to more than…

- - - - Example: very intelligent people may be more likely to get bored with a conversation and 'tune out', thinking about other things and therefore not listening
    - - Emotional intelligence refers to a person's ability to assess, identify and manage their emotions and the emotions of others
- - - - Less active than many of the other types of listening
      - Whenever you listen to learn something, you are engaged in informational listening
      - When we're listening to learn or be instructed we are taking in new information and facts, we are not criticizing or analyzing
    - - We can be said to be engaged in critical listening when the goal is to evaluate or scrutinize what is being said
      - Critical listening is a much more active behavior than informational listening and usually involves some sort of problem solving or decision making
      - It is often important, when listening critically, to have an open-mind and not be biased by stereotypes or preconceived ideas
    - - Involves attempting to understand the feelings and emotions of the speaker
      - Empathy is a way of deeply connecting with another person and therapeutic or empathic listening can be particularly challenging
      - This type of listening does not involve making judgments or offering advice but gently encouraging the speaker to explain and elaborate on their feelings and emotions
      - 7 types of responses that we use when we are listening empathically
        
        Advising: when we offer a solution
        
        Judging: when we evaluate the senders thoughts or behaviors in someone
        
        Analyzing: when the listener offers an interpretation of the speakers message
        
        Questioning: simply asking questions can be a great way to demonstrate you are listening and want to understand
        
        Comforting/Supporting: responses are when you agree, offer to help, praise, reassure, acknowledge, or offer a welcome diversion
        
        Prompting: these are all of the small silences, brief statements, smiles, nods, and grunts that prompt the person to keep talking
        
        Paraphrase: when we reflect to the person what we heard them say in our own words
- - - - Smile: small smiles can be used to show that the listener is paying attention to what is being said or as a way of agreeing or being happy about the messages being received
      - Eye Contact: it is normal and usually encouraging for the listener to look at the speaker, gauge how much eye contact is appropriate for any given situation
      - Posture: the attentive listener tends to lean slightly forward or sideways whilst sitting
      - Mirroring: automatic reflection/mirroring of any facial expressions used by the speaker can be a sign of attentive listening
      - Distraction: the active listener will not be distracted and therefore will refrain from fidgeting, looking at a clock or watch, doodling, playing with their hair or picking their fingernails
    - - Positive Reinforcement: some positive words of encouragement may be beneficial to the speaker the listener should use them sparingly so as not to distract from what is being said or place unnecessary emphasis on parts of the message
      - Remembering: remembering a few key points can help to reinforce that the messages sent have been received and understood
      - Questioning: listener can demonstrate that they have been paying attention by asking relevant questions and/or making statements that build or help to clarify what the speaker has said