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Basic Diagnostic Test (urine testing (specific gravitey (normal value (1…
Basic Diagnostic Test
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Testing feces
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Stool abnormalities
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Greasy, buttery- cystic fibrosis
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Shape
Narrow, ribbon like- spastic bowel
Small, ball like- chronic moderate constipation
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color
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Black- upper GI bleeding, ingestion of iron
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White blood cell count
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Decreased WBC
diagnosed with WBC < 4,000/ mm^3
Caused by alcoholism, viral infections, any chronic infection
WBC < 500/mm^3
is "panic value", requires immediate attention
Increased WBC
diagnosed with WBC > 10,000/ mm^3
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may be infection, malignancy, steroid therapy, hemorrhage, coma, stress
Endoscopy is procedure where lit tubular camera is inserted into region of body to obtain better view
Otoscope- lighted mangifinng lens, examines ear canal and ear drum
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Composition of blood
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Liquid proton called plasma,composed of about 90%, water comes form intestines and organs
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Blood sample testing
most blood samples are taken from veins,bluish color blood vessels visible through skin.
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hemoglobin
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Decreased Hgb
May be caused by anemia, excessive fluid intake, hemorrhage, pregnancy
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neutrophiles: combat bacterial infection, inflammation and stress
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Higher than normal HCT may be caused by dehydration, shock
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