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Gingiva (Fibrous investing tissue covered by keratinized epi. Surrounds…

- - - - Corres. to base of gingival sulcus
      - Present in 30-40% of adults
      - Runs I I to the margin of the gingiva
      - occurs most frequently in man. premolar
  - - - Probing depth in health 1-3mm
      - histological depth: 1.8mm
    - - Tooth arrangment
      - Tooth morphology
      - Tooth position
  - - - Shape determined by
        
        w. of approx. tooth surface
        
        Course of approx. CEJ
        
        Contact rel. b/w teeth
        
        Col shape when teeth contact, flat when no teeth contact
        
        Presence/absence of recession
        
        Not always, you can have recession with stable interdental papilla (this is b/c inter proximal bone to which it is attached is intact)
      - Non-keratinized epi.
  - - - Corona-Apical width is total gingiva (margin to mucogingival junx)-sulcus depth
        
        Least facial width in first premolar area: 1.9mm max, 1.8mm man.
        
        Greatest lingual width in 1st + 2nd molars (4.7mm)
        
        Greatest facial width in incisor area: 3.5-4.5mm in max., 3.3-3.9mm in man.
        
        Narrow width of attached gingiva associ w:
        
        High frenum
        
        Muscle attachments
        
        Buccal-lingual tooth position
        
        Smallest lingual widths on the incisors and canines (1.9mm)
        
        progression from 1º to 2º dentition results in decreased lingual width
- - - - SP yields thin capillary loops to reach of the CT papillae projecting into OGE
- - - - Alignment of the teeth in the arch (labial version, lingual version)
      - Location/size of proximal contact/ diastema
      - Shape of the teeth: square, rectangular shaped
  - - - Attached gingiva can be stippled
        
        More prominent on the buccal aspects than lingual
      - marginal gingiva never stippled
  - - - Thickness/ degree of keratinized epic
      - Vascular supply
      - Presence of melanocytes
        
        Racial pigmentation/smokers
        
        Occurs as diffuse, deep purplish discolouration or irregularly shaped brown and light brown patches