Manual Scavenging
Intro
Imposed on certain section of society, continued as traditional occupation
Exists primarily due to absence of water borne laterines
Violation of Fundamental Right Under Article 17
Concerns
Exposure to infections
Children dragged into the same profession
Social stigma of untouchability continues to stick;
Can't take up new occupation
Govt. Initiatives
Conversion of dry latrines into pour flush ones
Providing alternate employement
Provising financial assistance
Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Rehabilitation Act, 2013
Eliminate insanitary latrines
Prohibit manual scavenging and manual cleaning of sewer and septic tanks
Survey of manual scavengers and their rehabilitation
Associating with NGOs to identify and rehabilitate
Providing assistance under schemes like SBM(G), SBM(U) to build sanitary latrines
Scholarship to children of manual scavengers by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Problems faced in elimination
No time bound identification of insanitary latrines and manual scavengers
Incorrect reporting by States/UTs of their existence due to fear of contempt of court
Slow rehabilitation limited by illiteracy, age, confidence, skill training of scavengers
Banks are hesitant in providing loans, low recovery rate
Want to continue in similar job in local authorities
Way forward
National Safai Karamcharis Finance and Development Corporation, an apex Corporation for the socio-economic development of safai karamcharis and manual scavengers and their dependents is the nodal agency of Government of India for rehabilitation of the identified manual scavengers and their dependents.
Fast adoption of programmes
Camp based model for training
Awareness about govt. schemes
Deaths during job
All sections of society - people, govt., judiciary must come together