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Monoclonal Antibodies (identical anitbodies (antibodies are produced by B…
Monoclonal Antibodies
identical anitbodies
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monoclonal antibodies are produced from lots of a single white blood cell. This means all the antibodies are identical and target one protein antigen
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hybridoma cells can be cloned easily and produce the same antibodies which can be collected and purified
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treat diseases
different cells in the body have different antigens on their cell surface, so monoclonal antibodies can be made that will bind to specific cells in the body
cancer cells have antigens on their cell membranes that aren't found on normal body cells called tumour markers
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in pregnancy tests
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if your pregnant:
- the hormone binds to the antibodies on the blue beads
- the urine moves up the stick carrying the hormone and the beads
- the beads and the hormone bind to the antibody on the strip
- so the blue beads get stuck on the strip turning it blue
if your not pregnant - there is nothing to stick the blue beads onto the test strip so it doesn't go blue
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problems
they cause more side effects than originally expected e.g. fever, vomiting
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