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RachelDoherty Skeletal system/tissues, joints and skeletal muscle…

- - - - Outside cover of every bone is covered in compact bone (superficial)
      - Osteons: pillars of bone tissue column
      - Central Canal: blood vessels and nerves
      - Perforating Canals: Join two central canals. Contains blood vessels and nerves.
      - Periosteum
    - - Osteocytes, extracellular matrix
      - Fills space between compact bone as a sandwich
      - Trabeculae- thin columns of bone
      - Lacuna(e)- spaces that contain osteocytes
      - Canaliculi- connect osteocytes to the outside of the bone (location of blood supply in spongy bone)
      - Endosteum inside covers spongy bone
  - - - Gelatinous, soft tissue
      - Blood cell formation
      - As fetus to 7 years old all bones are filled with red marrow
      - As an adult red marrow remains in axial bones
    - - Adipose connective tissue
      - Nutrient storage
  - - - Located: periosteum and endosteum
      - Function: create Osteoblast
    - - Create extracellular martrix
    - - After osteoblast tires, osteocytes in Lanuca(e) maintain healthy bone tissues
    - - Fusion of several leukocytes
      - Organic cells & E.M. are broken down inside osteoclast
      - Inorganic cells/minerals are absorbed into bloodstream
- - - - Gomphosis
        
        Wear teeth meets alveolus
        
        Connecters: periodontal ligaments
        
        No movement
      - Suture
        
        Only in skull
        
        No movement
        
        As we age they become ossified (disappear)
      - Syndesmosis
        
        Bundles of Dense Irregular C.T.
        
        Distal tibiofibular
        
        Not much movement
  - - - Location: Epiphyseal plate, first rib, manubrium
      - No movement
    - - Hyaline & Fibrocartilage
      - Location: pubic symphysis & intervertebral joints
      - Slight movement
  - - - Made of 2 layers
      - Outer Layer: Dense Irregular C.T.
        
        Continuous with periosteum
      - Inner Layer: Areolar C.T.
        
        Synovial Membrane
    - - Filled w/synovial fluid made by synovial membrane
      - Contains little sacks called Bursa(e)
        
        Fibrous; filled w/synovial fluid & located near capsule to make movement smooth
        
        Specialized Bursa- tendon sheath; wrists, ankles, fingers, toes
  - - - Gliding movement; intercarpal & intertarsal
    - - Extension of 1-180 or 180-360*; elbows & interphalangial
    - - Turn/Rotate; Radius and Neck
    - - Abduction & Adduction; Nuckles
    - - Thumbs
    - - Rotation, abduction & adduction, flexion, extension; Shoulders and HIps