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recruitment, selection and training of workers (human resources department…

- - - - given to candidates for job so they know what the job entails
      - will allow a job specification to be drawn up (so people with right skills will be employed)
      - once someone has been employed, it will show whether they are carrying out the job effectively
      - also contain info about
        
        the conditions of employment (salary, hours of work, pension scheme and staff welfare
        
        training that will be offered
        
        opportunities for promotion
  - - - special skills, knowledge or particular aptitude
      - the amount of experience and type of experience
      - the level of educational qualifications
      - personal characteristics, such as type of personality
  - - - post could be filled from inside the organisation. vacancy may be advertised on company noticeboard or newspaper.
      - suitable for an employee who seeks promotion within the business
      - Advantages
        
        saves time and money (less advertising, interviewing)
        
        person is already known to the business (reliability, ability and potential)
        
        knows the organisation's way of working and what is expected
        
        can be motivating for other employees to see their fellow workers being promoted (makes them work harder)
      - Disadvantages
        
        no new ideas/experience coming into the business. other companies may have different ways of working and these ways may be better in some respects, including making the business more efficient. (allows working practices to be spread0
        
        there may be jealousy and rivalry amongst existing employees
    - - local newspaper
        
        office/factory positions
      - national newspapers
        
        senior positions
      - specialist magazines and journals
        
        particular technical people (scientists)
      - recruitment agencies
        
        employees/skilled workers
      - centres run by the government (job centres)
        
        unskilled and semi-skilled jobs
  - - - duties involved
      - qualifications required
      - salary
      - conditions of employment
      - information about method of applicaition
  - - - the applicant's ability to do the job
      - any personal qualities that are an advantage/disadvantage
      - general character & personality of the applicant (will they fit in)
    - - skills tests
        
        to show the ability of the candidate to carry out certain tasks
      - aptitude tests
        
        show candidate's potential to gain additional skills (general intelligence test or more specific tests are used
      - personality tests
        
        used if a particular type of person is required for the job, if the job requires the ability to work under stress or if the person will need to fit in as part of a team of people
      - group situation tests
        
        complete a group task and the group is observed
- - - - more flexible in the hours of work
      - easier to ask employees to work at busy times
      - easier to extend operating hours by working evenings/weekends
      - fits in with looking after children and so employee is willing to accept lower pay
      - less expensive than paying a full-time worker
    - - less likely to be trained because the workers see the job as temporary
      - takes longer to recruit 2 part-time workers than 1 full-time worker
      - can be less committed to the business/more likely to leave to get another job
      - less likely to be promoted because they will not have gained the skills and expertise compared to full-time employees
      - more difficult to communicate with part-time workers when they're not in work
- - - - helps new employees to settle into their job quickly
      - may be legal requirement to give Health and Safety training
      - means workers are less likely to make mistakes
    - - is time consuming
      - means wages are paid but no work is being done by the worker
      - delays the start of the employee commencing their job
  - - - individual tuition is given and it is in the workplace so the employees does not need to be sent away (travel costs are expensive)
      - it ensures there is some production from the worker whilst they are training
      - it usually costs less than off-the-job training
      - training to do the specific needs of the business
    - - the trainer will not be as productive as usual because they are showing the trainee what to do instead of getting on with their job
      - the trainer may have bad habits and they may pass these on
      - it may not necessarily be recognized training qualifications outside the business
  - - - classroom learning
      - using lecture
      - role play
      - case studies
      - computer simulation
    - - a broad range of skills can be taught using these techniques
      - cheaper for the business if courses are taught in the evening
      - the business will only need to pay for the course and it will not also lose the output of the employee
      - employees may be taught a variety of skills (can be multi-skilled which makes them versatile)
      - often uses expert trainers who have up-to-date knowledge of business practices
    - - costs are high
      - it means wages are paid but no work is being done by worker
      - additional qualifications means it is easier for employee to leave and find another job
- - - - some workers may volunteer
      - length of time employed by the business
      - workers with essential skills that are needed by the business
      - employment history of the worker
      - which departments of the business needs to lose/retain workers
- - - - protect workers from dangerous machinery
      - provide safety equipment and clothing
      - maintain reasonable workplace temperatures
      - provide hygienic conditions and washing facilities
      - do not insist on excessively long shifts and provide breaks
  - - - the wages rate to be paid
      - how frequently wages will be paid
      - what deductions will be made from wages (income tax)
    - - should prevent strong employers from exploiting unskilled workers who could not easily find other work
      - as many unskilled workers will be receiving higher wages, it might encourage employers to train them to make sure that they are more productive
      - encourage more people to seek work (fewer shortages of workers)
      - low-paid workers will earn more and will be able to afford to spend more
    - - it increases business cost which will force them to increase prices
      - some employers will not be able to afford these wages rates. they may make workers redundant instead (unemployment may rise)
      - other workers receiving just above the min. level may ask for higher wages to keep the same differential between themselves and lower paid workers. buisness costs will again increase