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Culture (Concept (Surface Culture (Most easily seen Emotional level - low)…
Culture
Concept
Surface Culture
Most easily seen Emotional level - low
Shallow Culture
Unspoken Rules Emotional level - high
Deep Culture
Unconscious Rules Emotional level - intense
Definition
Belief systems, values and behaviors that support a particular ideology or social arrangement
Individualism
Individualism on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups and seen as interdependent or independent.
Expression of Identity
Mainstream culture promotes self expression that may express their inner selves.
Cars
Clothes
Cosmetics
Power distance
The extent to which people accept an unequal distribution of power
Masculinity-feminity
The degree of being feminine-valuing fluid gender roles, quality of life, service, relationships, and interdependence-and the degree of being masculine-emphasizing distinctive gender roles, ambition, materialism, and independence
Decision-Making
In American individualism, the ideal is for everyone to make their own decision. However, the opinions of their family elders may bee respected, but as they enter adulthood. They are expected to make their own decision.
Long-term versus short-term orientation
Reflects a cultural-group orientation toward virtue or truth. The long-term orientation emphasizes virtue, whereas the short-term orientation emphasizes truth.
Uncertainty avoidance
The extent to which uncertainty, ambiguity, and deviant ideas and behaviors are avoided
Competitiveness
People show that they have valued characteristics-such as master of certain skills or being able to perform under pressure-by competing with and doing better than others.
Help Seeking
In some collectivistic cultures, it has a great importance on maintaining the family reputation by not shamming it. This perspective can delay getting help if conditions such as mental illness or disabilities are viewed as sources of shame.
Shame and Guilt
People tend too feel shame or guilt if they do poorly in competition or behave in ways that other criticize. Fear of failing math keep people from tackling a challenge or entering a competition.
Race
Race is what we call a loaded word because it can bring up strong emotions and connotations. It could be distinguished by such physical features as eye color and shape, skin color, and hair.
Gender and Sexual Orientation
Classified to:
Gender Identity
Gender Expression
Biological Sex
Sexual Orientation
Class
It may be classified into 3 classes which mostly are linked to socioeconomic status
Working-class
Upper-class
Middle-class
Privilege
The power of dominant groups. It is the unearned access to often invisible resources and benefits based on social group membership
Ethnocentrism
Placing one's own culture and the corresponding beliefs, values, and behaviors in the center; in a position where it is seen as normal and right, and evaluating all other cultural systems against it