Photo Articulation Test - Third Edition
(PAT-3)
About
Norm-referenced test
Ages: 3;0 through 8;11
Testing Time: 10-15 minutes; no time limits;
can be completed in more than one session
How to Administer
Tester points to a photo and asks: "What's this?"
Tester records a '+' for a correct response
A '-' for an incorrect answer
Or an 'i' for a response to imitation
Prompts or supplemental words
may be given if child does not respond
Scoring
Mean = 100
Score is normed for age differences
Standardization
PAT-3 was standardized on 800 children residing in 24 states
Nationally-representative sample based on 1997 census data
Children with disabilities included (not specific about what disabilities)
Reliability
Test gives consistent results upon repeated administration
Standard Deviation = +/-15
Content sampling is high (items measure the same thing)
Scoring is reliable with different raters
Validity
Content Validity
Test sufficiently covers all sounds and positions
Criterion-Related Validity
Construct Validity
Test correlates with established standard
Scores correlate with increasing age
Scores differentiate between average and below-average children
Quick and easy to administer
Pictures are colorful and engaging for target group
Considerations
Does not test productions at the sentence/ conversation-level
Does not test stimulability
Quickly and accurately tests sound errors and in what position at the word level
Tests consonent and vowel phonemes in English -
93 speech items
Allows examination of spontaneous
and imitative speech production at word level
Summary/response form records initial, medial, and final position for each sound as well as placement of error - tongue or lips.
Scores sound production and errors for consonants and vowels