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Weathering (Physical Weathering (Types and Products of Physical Weathering…

- - - - Water gets into the rocks and once inside the rocks and freezes. The frozen water expands and causes the rocks to weaken and widens the cracks.
    - - Fluctuations in temperature contribute to thermal stress. This is the contraction and expansion effect on the rocks because of temperature changes. Due to the uneven expansion and contraction, the rocks crack and disintegrate into smaller pieces. Eventually, these processes would break down the rock into finer and finer pieces.
    - - The physical forces of wind act on the loose rocks, leaving them sculptured and denudated. Wind forces carry small particles and rocks that collide with the rocks, wearing then away.
        
        Transport
        
        Larger sand grains move by surface creep while smaller grains move through suspension
        
        Deposition
        
        Occurs when wind speed is reduced. The form taken in by the influenced material is influenced by material carried and the flow pattern of the wind.
        
        Erosion
        
        Wind can only blow away loose, unconsolidated material, gradually lowering the surface by deflation.
- - - - The combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, gasoline, and gas releases oxides of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon into the air which reacts with moisture to form rainwater that is more acidic than normal. The resulting acid rain then reacts with the rock’s mineral particles to produce new minerals and salts that can easily dissolve or wear away the rock grains.
    - - Various plants and animals can create chemical weathering by emitting acidic compounds. They release acidifying molecules (organic acids and protons) and chelating compounds (siderophores and organic acids). These compounds have the potential of breaking down iron and aluminum minerals in the rocks that are then dissolved by water, resulting in chemical weathering.
    - - Stormwater can become acidic by absorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and as such this activates chemical action with the mineral granular particles in the rock producing chemical compounds such as salts and minerals that dissolve or eats away the rocks.
    - - The process of rock uplifts or mountain movements exposes new rocks to the atmospheric conditions such as moisture and extreme temperatures, allowing chemical weathering to take place.