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Energy and Enzymes (5 Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity (Environmental…

- - - - Increased temperature means increased random motion of molecules. no structure no function/ no activity.
  - - - Often used with multi-subunit proteins
        
        Activate an enzyme (using an allosteric activator)
        Inactivate an enzyme (using an allosteric inhibitor)
        Activator molecules bind to one site on the enzyme, stabilizing the active form
        does not bind to active site and the enzyme is activated.
- - - - Substrate is a reactant in an enzymatic reaction
  - - - Create a microenvironment more conducive to the reaction
      - Direct participation of the active site (ex: brief covalent bonding)
      - Distorting the substrate to bring about the transition state
      - Provides template for coming together of the substrates
- - - - when you have entropy that means there is less order but it is more stable.
      - Entropy : measure of disorder or randomness.
        
        There are two types of entropy high and low
        
        Low entropy: when you have less disorder/ you have order and this form of entropy will eventually end up as high entropy. it wants to stay this way because it does not require energy.
        
        High entropy: more disorder or randomness. this form of entropy eventually going to turn into low entropy. does not want to stay this way because it requires energy.
- - - - The endergonic reaction causes a reaction known as a coupled reaction to happen: during this reaction energy released by an exergonic reaction and is used to drive an endergonic reaction
        
        Does not waste a lot of energy
        
        Made from the exergonic reaction it is used as the reactant in the endergonic reaction/ shared intermediate.
        
        these are connected couldn't figure out how to connect them
        
        Has positive ΔG, this means that it is non-spontaneous
        
        Non-spontaneous process – process that requires input of energy to take place.
        
        Decreases entropy of the universe (it increases order
  - - - Has negative ΔG, this means it happens spontaneously
        
        Spontaneous process – process that can happen without an input of energy
        
        Increases entropy of the universe this means we have increases disorder