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Unit 1: Industiralization (Political Developments ((Monarchy or Feudalsim…
Unit 1: Industiralization
Political Developments
Monarchy or Feudalsim
Mercantism
Adam Smith writes "The Wealth of Nations"
Capitalism
The belief of a free market and how the people influence the economy, little to no government interaction with anything, all run by the people for the people, every man for himself
"The Wealth of Nations" is a book by Adam Smith describing capitalism and how it works
The belief that the majority of countries practiced for a while where countries look out for themselves and themselves only, making sure that that country is getting the better end of the deal
This then leads to colonizing areas such as British colonizing India and also leads to more trade, British opening China to them, Opium wars
Belief that a king and a queen and hand chosen from god and choose whats best for the country and dictate what all happens
:
Unfair working conditions, the gap between rich and poor
Socialism
Marxism
Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx publish the Communist Manifesto
Communist Manifesto leads to new ideas being practiced such as the communist revolution in Russia
Communist rebellions around the world become an issue to the U.S.
Belief that the world becomes a classless society and people share everything
In order to get to this "perfect society" the people must revolt against the government, then install a temporary dictator, then the dictator steps down, creating a perfect utopia-a classless society
Belief that the age of Monarchs is over and that working class needs to come together and overcome society
Economic Developments
New Technology
The Cotton Gin
Made producing cotton more efficient
Steam Engine
Transportation, machines
Made travel and work a lot easier
Electronic Telegraph
People could communicate over large distances
More interactions between people, countries, etc
The Assembly Line
New, smarter ways to work
More jobs
More workers
More factories
Less safe working conditions
Reform movements
Social Developments
The Enlightenment
Higher understanding of a particular idea. an intellectual movement in Europe took place in Europe, changed governments and ideas
Intelectuals:
John Locke
Originated from Great Britain
Book - Two Treaties of Government
People are born blank, they must be educated, people learn best through own experience, people are born with certain rights
Mary Wollenecraft
Originated from Great Britain
Essay - "Renaissance Woman" (womans rights)
More remembered for her love affair with philosopher William Goodwin, one of the first "feminists", pro-education believed in woman's rights for politics
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Originated from Switzerland
Book - Social Contract
One of the most radical and diverse philosophers. He was a musician, novelist, and educator. Viewed as a champion for social equality and individual freedoms. Everyone has an equal stake in government
Thomas Hobbes
Originated from Great Britain
Book - Leviathon
People by nature are wicked and selfish, believed people need a strong leader, believed in a "social contract" give up rights for more order
Ceasare Beccaria
Originated from Italy
Book - Crime and Punishment
Criticized the Justice system in Europe and abuse punishment, believed in a trial by Jury, anti-torture, anti-capital punishment, rehabilitation of convicted
Voltaire (Francois Arouet)
Originated from France
Book - The Jon Stuart
Champion of tolerance of others freedom/tolerance of religion, freedom of expression
